The Potential Role of Extracellular Vesicles (Exosomes and Microvesicles) during Soma Sexual Fate Alternation in Hermaphroditic Black Porgy( I )

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

MOST109-2628-B019-002

Translated Name/計畫中文名

胞外囊泡(外泌體)在黑鯛生殖體細胞功能轉變過程所扮演的可能角色( I )

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Guan-Chung Wu

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

Department of Aquaculture

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=13535892

Year

2020

Start date/計畫起

01-08-2020

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-07-2011

Bugetid/研究經費

1700千元

ResearchField/研究領域

漁業

"不同於多數的脊椎動物在生殖腺分化後具有穩定的性別，超過1500種魚類為功能性雌雄同體(Hermaphroditism，兩性生殖腺組織並存且具有生殖能力)。然而這些雌雄同體魚類不具有演化上的共同祖先，因此雌雄異體(Gonochorism)往雌雄同體演化的過程中如何兩性生殖腺細胞如何適應不適合的環境是一個有趣的科學問題。另一方面有趣的問題是，當雌雄異體魚類受到環境荷爾蒙影響會造成兩性生殖腺細胞並存(精卵巢，Ovotestis)，但精巢中錯置卵細胞卻能在雄魚長期畜養於正常環境(無環境荷爾蒙)後繼續存在，不會萎縮退化。因此，本研究計畫將利用先雄後雌黑鯛兩性生殖腺在E2處理後會成為早熟雌性(精巢萎縮和卵巢明顯發育)，當E2停止處理後會性逆轉為雄性(精巢組織新生且帶有錯置卵細胞)的發育特性，進一步探討精巢內錯置卵細胞對鄰近體細胞的性別轉換機制。本研究計畫將著重在表觀遺傳修飾(DNA methylation和 non-coding RNA)對錯置卵細胞自身及錯置卵細胞經由胞外囊泡(Extracellular vesicles)對鄰近體細胞的性別轉換過程中可能扮演的角色。本計畫將藉由下列研究探討上述問題，包括：1) 從組織階層的變化，瞭解黑鯛E2停餵後新生精巢組織中發現錯置卵細胞區域及其他區域(無錯置卵細胞)的表觀遺傳修飾(包含miRNA及DNA 甲基化程度)與基因表現之間的關係。2) 從細胞階層的變化，瞭解黑鯛E2停餵後新生精巢組織中不同錯置卵細胞階段的表觀遺傳修飾(包含miRNA及DNA 甲基化程度)與基因表現之間的關係。3) 瞭解卵細胞分泌的miRNA(經胞外囊泡)對精巢生殖體細胞基因表現的影響。經由本研究結果，我們可以進一步瞭解精巢中受環境荷爾蒙影響所分化的卵細胞如何存活(適應)在精巢環境的機制。此外可以進一步探討雌雄異體到雌雄同體演化過程中的兩性生殖腺細胞的交互調控機制。" "Unlike most vertebrates that have stable sexes after gonadal differentiation, more than 1,500 fish species exhibit hermaphroditism. However, no hermaphroditic lineage appears to be evolutionarily ancient in these fishes. Thus, an intriguing question is how the presence of more than one sex occurred during the evolutionary shift from gonochorism to hermaphroditism in fish. Another interesting question is why endocrine disrupting compound (EDC)-induced oocytes often survives in ovotestes after fish are transferred to an EDC-free encironment. Thus, we use an unique property (E2-induced sex reversal in protandrous black porgy) to generate an ovotestis in the testicular part, allowing us to investigate how ectopic oocytes could reprogram the surrounding cells from male fate to female fate. This project will focus on the epigenetics modifications (DNA methylation levels of ectopic oocytes and non-coding RNA functions for reprograming the oocyte-surrounding cells) for the soma fate alternation (from male to female). The experiments will include as follows:1) The correlation between the epigenetics modifications (DNA methylation and miRNA) and mRNA expression on tissue level in E2-induced ovotestis in the testicular part.2) The correlation between the epigenetics modifications (DNA methylation and miRNA) and mRNA expression on cell level in E2-induced ectopic oocytes.3) The potential role of oocyte-releasing extracellular vesicles (includes miRNA) for the soma fate alternation from male to female.These results might explain why the EDC-induced oocyte often survive in ovotestes after fish are transfer to an EDC-free environment and shed light on the reason why the evolutionary transition from gonochorism to hermaphroditism in fish is soon."

Keyword(s)

雌雄同體
精卵巢
DNA甲基化
非編碼RNA
表觀遺傳修飾
Hermaphroditism
Ovotestis
DNA methylation
Non-coding RNA
Epigenetics modification

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The Potential Role of Extracellular Vesicles (Exosomes and Microvesicles) during Soma Sexual Fate Alternation in Hermaphroditic Black Porgy( I )

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