The Develop the Culture Method for Sea Urchin in the Small Abalone Pond

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

98農科-10.3.1-漁-F1(6)

Translated Name/計畫中文名

九孔池改養海膽技術開發與研究

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Shyn-Shin Sheen

Funding Organization/主管機關

Council of Agriculture,Executive Yuan

Department/Unit

Department of Aquaculture

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=1867736

Year

2009

Start date/計畫起

01-04-2009

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-12-2009

Bugetid/研究經費

850千元

ResearchField/研究領域

漁業

"近年來，在養殖環境的影響以及飼養密度持續提高的情況下，九孔養殖在2001年起開始傳出九孔苗陸續發生大量脫落死亡現象，在2003年初北臺灣的東北角海岸地區之九孔養殖場爆發成貝大量死亡的疫情，此疫情蔓延快速、死亡率高，近年來各界的研究檢測認為病毒是造成九孔大量死亡的主因，在尚無有效抑制此疫情的情況之下，年產量自2000年最高的2500公噸，於2003年疫情爆發後減半，至今只剩300公噸左右，造成九孔養殖業的嚴重萎縮。然而因疫情而導致停養的九孔池以及設備，極需尋求出可替代的利用方法，來維持其原有的產能效益，而在缺乏有效抑制九孔疫情的狀況之下，尋找同樣具有高經濟價值且能適合此養殖環境與設備的替代養殖生物，為維持九孔池以及其相關設備可利用性的解決之道。海膽是一種高經濟價值的水產品，可供食用的生殖腺是市場最主要的消費方式，海膽生殖腺的美味深受日本的喜愛，加上國人飲食文化的改變，對海膽的接受度與喜好也大為增加，而導致市場上海膽需求量大增，海膽因易於捕捉，過度捕撈的結果導致海膽資源量嚴重下降，由於海膽供應量的減少以及需求量的增加，發展海膽養殖以供應市場的需求量為相當具有潛力的養殖新興產業。本研究的主要目的為以平面九孔養殖池以及陸上立體式九孔養殖設備養殖海膽，探討海膽在兩種九孔養殖設備中的成長和生殖腺指數，評估其養殖的效益並確立以九孔養殖設備改養海膽的相關技術。實驗以兩種臺灣常見的食用海膽紫海膽(Anthocidaris crassispina)以及白棘三列海膽(Tripneustes gratilla)作為實驗物種。分別在平面式養殖池以及立體式養殖設備以三種不同的養殖密度(每2400平方公分放養5、10、15隻海膽)蓄養三個月，並分別投餵天然餌料龍鬚菜(Gracilaria sp.)和人工飼料，比較兩種海膽在不同的養殖設備、養殖密度以及投餵餌料下對其成長、活存以及生殖腺的影響。實驗結果依據海膽的增重、活存率、生殖腺產量來評估較適合養殖的海膽種類並比較平面池與立體式養殖設備的養殖成效，還有最佳的養殖密度以及適合其成長的餌料種類。" "The survival of settled larvae of Haliotis diversicolor was significantly decreased on 14th to 17th days after spats settled on the artificial substrates. There were not enough seeds to meet the demand for abalone farmers in Taiwan since 2001. Besides, abalone raised in most local farms from seed to adult were widely infected by the virus and bacteria and resulted in a poor production at 2003. Since farms did not have enough spat fro ponds to culture, a lot of abalone ponds were abandoned. I order to help farmers to utilize the abandoned concrete ponds, we try to introduce purple sea urchin (Anthocidaris crassispina) and Tripneustes grailla culture in small abalone ponds. We will design to experiments to culture sea urchin, one is to compare the sea urchin cultured in tier and plane ponds; the other experiment will be designed with different densities (20, 40, 60, and 80 sea urchin/4 m square). They will be fed with Gracilaria and artificial diets, separately. Through these two experiment design, we hope to have good survival and growth rate of sea urchin. And we can extend this culture method to farmers."

Keyword(s)

海膽
九孔池
人工飼料
Sea Urchin
Small Abalone Pond
Artificial Diet

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The Develop the Culture Method for Sea Urchin in the Small Abalone Pond

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