Selection Breeding Program of Environmental Adaptation in Penaeid Shrimp and Freshwater Shrimp

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

102農科-11.3.3-漁-F3(3)

Translated Name/計畫中文名

適應環境之蝦類種蝦及淡水長臂大蝦的選殖與保種研究

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Jenn-Kan Lu

Funding Organization/主管機關

Council of Agriculture,Executive Yuan

Co-Investigator(s)/共同執行人

呂健宏
黃章文

Department/Unit

Institute of Marine Biology

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=2921238

Year

2013

Start date/計畫起

01-03-2013

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-12-2013

Bugetid/研究經費

1341千元

ResearchField/研究領域

漁業;生物技術(農)

環境惡化疾病蔓延，固然是國內養殖的重要問題，但養殖物種的品質是整個養殖週期的關鍵，影響至巨，而養殖物種的品質受制於種魚群種源，因此，種魚群的來源及培育至為重要。一般水產養殖所使用的的親魚皆從野生環境收集，經馴養、繁殖出子代，再培育成種魚，之後的種苗都靠這一群種魚選拔來繁殖下一代。一般水產養殖魚種缺乏選種育種觀念，更沒有配種管理制度，經過多代的近親繁殖，難免會有某些有害的隱性基因的累積、顯現，影響到生長及對環境的耐受性、逐漸造成退化及生殖隔離的問題。應用大規模家系選拔養殖魚種，進行長期的有系統進行遺傳育種改良，可以增進經濟遺傳性狀。亦可避免了在養殖過程中會產生的經濟遺傳性狀衰退現象。藉由現代分子育種、標記輔助篩選(marker assist selection, MAS)等技術，可加速養殖蝦基因的改良，進而在未來建立蝦的優良品系以期得到能創造高經濟價值種蝦。本計畫之長程目標是開發高經濟價值對蝦分子標誌及功能性基因組DNA解析技術，提昇對蝦分子育種技術。為達到此一長程目標，我們設定了下列數個短程目標，在未來一年完成；1）建立以DNA晶片與轉錄基因體學作為優質對蝦經濟性狀（抗病與生長）之選育技術；2）以SSR作為MAS作為為優質對蝦經濟性狀（抗病與生長）之選育技術；3)建立對蝦遺傳育種QTL與eQTL分析技術；4）在對蝦種苗繁殖廠建立以分子標記進行優質對蝦經濟性狀選育；5）設計SPF對蝦種苗繁殖廠以作為保種之用。經由本實驗結果將可進一步明瞭對蝦類內生性免疫機制與在分子層次之基因調控與加速養殖蝦基因的改良。未來透過此一新技術與產業合作建立對蝦的優良品系，以期得到能創造高經濟價值種蝦與蝦苗。 Infectious disease constitutes a major obstacle to the sustainability of shrimp aquaculture worldwide and a significant threat to natural populations of shrimp and other crustacea. The study of the shrimp immune system, including the response to viral infection, has been hampered by a relative lack of molecular genetic information and of tools suitable for highthroughput assessment of gene expression. In present study, enaeus monodon andLitopenaeus vannameiwill be used as experimental animals. The long term goal of this present project isto insights into the expression profiles and transcriptomic on two cultured shrimps Penaeus monodon andLitopenaeus vannameiresponse to immune challenge and to improve the efficiency and accuracy of breeding of penaeid shrimp for aquaculture purpose by employ the molecular markers in genetic selection technique. To fulfill this long term goal, several specific goals are proposed for next year. 1) to generate two immune DNA microarray from Penaeus monodon and Litopenaeus vanname, respectively 2) these two penaeid shrimp immune microarrays will be applied in screening high disease-resistant candidate broodstocks of Penaeus monodon andLitopenaeus vannamei, 3) five microsatellite DNA markers will be selected to analyze different white shrimp groups and compared the correlation between markers and body weight. 4) preliminary screening the type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ molecular markers which associated with growth or disease resistance traits, 4) to determine the relationship between economic important traits and these genetic markers . The achievement from present studies will be useful to do the marker–assisted selection in aquacultural breeding of penaeid shrimps.

Keyword(s)

DNA晶片
分子標記輔助選種
淡水長臂大蝦
微衛星
轉錄體學
DNA microarray
marker assisted selection
Macrobrachium rosenbergii
microsatellite DNA
transcriptomics

DSpace CRIS

Selection Breeding Program of Environmental Adaptation in Penaeid Shrimp and Freshwater Shrimp

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