The Secretes behind Formosa Landlocked Salmon

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基本資料

Project title

Code/計畫編號

NSC98-2311-B019-003-MY3

Translated Name/計畫中文名

台灣鮭魚隱藏的秘密

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Jin-Chywan Gwo

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Co-Investigator(s)/共同執行人

周晉澄

Department/Unit

Department of Aquaculture

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=1908563

Year

2009

Start date/計畫起

01-08-2009

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-07-2010

Bugetid/研究經費

1030千元

ResearchField/研究領域

生物科學

"鮭科魚類的生活史有洄游型、河川殘留型以及陸封型三種形式，通常分成三個亞科：茴魚亞科(Thymallinae)、白鮭亞科(Coregoninae)及鮭亞科（Salmoninae）。鮭亞科魚類物種數目最多，目前已知至少由哲羅魚屬(Hucho)、太平洋鮭屬 (Oncorhynchus)、紅點鮭屬(Salvelinus)、鱒屬(Salmo)）及「古鱒」(archaic trout)所組成。太平洋鮭屬主要分為太平洋鱒（Pacific trout）和太平洋鮭（Pacific salmon）兩個類群，櫻鮭家族（cherry salmon complex：Oncorhynchus masou complex）介於太平洋鱒和太平洋鮭之間，位置未定。台灣鮭魚（O. masou formosanus)屬於櫻鮭家族，為侷限於台灣地區的亞種，乍看之下，台灣鮭魚外型與無紅點的日本陸封型櫻鮭（山女）神似，要以形態和日本櫻鮭家族（石川鮭(O. masou ishikawae)、櫻鮭(O. masou masou)和琵琶鮭(O. masou subsp.)）區分相當不易。本研究室郭等2008 年發表利用擴增片段長度多樣性（Amplified fragment length polymorphism; AFLP）對四種櫻鮭家族的鮭魚（石川鮭、櫻鮭、琵琶鮭及台灣鮭魚)進行分子標記分析，發現日本櫻鮭之陸封型與降海型並無明顯之基因分化，而台灣鮭魚和日本櫻鮭家族三亞種之基因分化現象明顯（Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48:776-781.）。因此有必要進行其他的分子標記（mtDNA 和微衛星DNA）和計量（X 光和雙重染色）計數分析，解析台灣鮭魚是否源自西伯利亞黑龍江流域的櫻鮭，在冰河期降海，避難或播遷到達台灣海峽，再上溯台灣中部大甲溪至高山源頭，孓遺至今。本計劃預定做這些進一步的研究以釐清台灣鮭魚演化、甚至種化和播遷路徑之謎，終將有助於此國寶魚之保育。" "Three types of life history have been reported in Salmonine fishes: anadormous, fluvial and landlocked. Salmonidae, in general, can be divided into 3 subfamilies as Thymallinae, Coregoninae and Salmoninae. Untill now, Salmoninae consists of at least four genera ( Hucho, Oncorhynchus, Salvelinus and Salmo) and archaic trout. The genus Oncorhynchus can be classified as Pacific trout and Pacific salmon. The taxonomic status of cherry salmon complex (Oncorhynchus masou complex) remained unknown. Formosa landlocked salmon (O. masou formosanus) is confined to Taiwan as a subspecies of the cherry salmon complex. Morphologically, Formosa landlocked salmon is similar to Japanese landlocked masu salmon (O. masou masou), Yamame, and is difficult to distinguish from masu salmon. The data of our previous Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) results suggested that the masu salmon with anadromous and landlocked life history in Japan were non-significant genetic divergent. AFLP, and also revealed the genetic divergent among Formosa landlocked salmon and Japan cherry salmon complex (amago, O. masou ishikawae; masu salmon, O. masou masou and biwa, O. masou subsp.) is distinguishable. Further researches using both molecular (mtDNA and microsatellite DNA) and meristic counting (X ray and double staining) are necessary to study the classification, evolutionary history, colonization events and speciation mechanism of Formosa landlocked salmon. Is Formosa landlocked salmon related to the cherry salmon distributed in Amur River, Siberia? Was Formosa landlocked salmon spreading from Amur to Taiwan, and then landlocked in Ta-Chia River during ice age?"

Keyword(s)

台灣陸封鮭魚
分子標記
瀕危物種
種化
Formosa (landlocked) salmon
molecular biomarker
endangered species
speciation

DSpace CRIS

The Secretes behind Formosa Landlocked Salmon

基本資料

Description