Impacts of Typhoons and Internal Waves on Air-Sea Co2 Exchange in the South China Sea Ii

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基本資料

Project title

Code/計畫編號

MOST106-2611-M019-019

Translated Name/計畫中文名

颱風與內波對南海生物地球化學作用之衝擊-子計畫：颱風與內波對南海海–氣二氧化碳交換之衝擊 (Ⅱ)

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Wen-Chen Chou

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

Institute of Marine Environment and Ecology

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=12233582

Year

2017

Start date/計畫起

01-08-2017

Expected Completion/計畫迄

01-07-2018

Bugetid/研究經費

1035千元

ResearchField/研究領域

海洋科學

"海洋的碳儲量遠較大氣和陸地生物圈為大，其微小的變動，便足以牽動大氣中二氧化碳濃度大幅度的改變。因此，若想準確推知大氣中二氧化碳濃度的變化趨勢，進而釐清其對全球氣候的影響，勢必對海氣二氧化碳交換通量的控制機制有更清楚的瞭解。雖然，過去的研究已經對溫度和生物等作用在開放性大洋中對海氣二氧化碳交換的影響有大致的認識，但一些較不常見的作用機制，例如，內波；以及一些偶發性氣候事件，例如，颱風等，亦可能對海氣二氧化碳的交換產生重要的影響。然而，目前為止此方面的研究，還非常稀少。有鑑於此，本研究擬有系統地針對這兩大自然現象（颱風與內波）對南海北部海氣二氧化碳交換通量的影響進行研究。本計畫預計在南海北部海域，針對內波和颱風通過前、後，海水二氧化碳系統的變化進行全面性的觀測。觀測項目包括利用研究船採集不同深度的海水樣品，分析其碳化學參數（dissolved inorganic carbon , total alkalinity, pH, and partial pressure of CO2 ( pCO2)），並利用underway pCO2 system，對航次期間表水pCO2的變化進行連續性的測量。此外，也預計利用浮標架設探針，持續收集內波和颱風通過前、後pCO2和pH的變化資料。此等資料將有助於瞭解內波及颱風對海氣二氧化碳交換通量的影響，進而提升全球海域海氣二氧化碳交換通量估算的準確度。本年度初步研究結果顯示，雖然內波通過前後，溫躍層中海水垂直震盪幅度可達40 m，但表水二氧化碳分壓並無顯著變化。說明在短的時間尺度內，內波通過對海氣二氧化碳交換通量並無明顯的影響。明年度計畫將聚焦於探討颱風通過對海氣二氧化碳交換通量的影響。" "As the largest reservoir of carbon on the Earth, the ocean plays the dominant role in the natural regulation of CO2 in the atmosphere. A better understanding on the sea-air CO2 exchange flux, therefore, is essential to predict the future change of atmospheric CO2 concentration and thus to the future change of climate. Previous studies on sea-air CO2 exchange have largely focused on temperature and biological effects, but some other physical processes, such as internal wave and typhoon, may also have profound impacts on sea-air CO2 exchange. In order to gain a better sea-air CO2 flux scenario on a global scale, we propose to explore the impacts of internal waves and typhoons on the sea-air CO2 exchange flux in the northern South China Sea. To fulfill this goal, we will thoroughly investigate seawater CO2 system before and after the passages of internal waves and typhoons by the following approaches: (1) the carbonate parameters (i.e. dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH, and partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2)) in discrete water samples at different depths will be measured; (2) an underway pCO2 system will be used aboard to monitor the temporal and spatial variations of surface pCO2 during the whole cruise period; and (3) pH and pCO2 sensors will be mounted on a buoy to continually collect data even during the rough sea condition. These data certainly can help us to better illustrate the influence of internal waves and typhoons on sea-air CO2 exchange flux, and thus will contribute to gain a better sea-air CO2 flux scenario on a global scale. The preliminary results in this year showed that there was no significant difference in surface pCO2 before and after the passage of internal waves, suggesting that the passage of internal waves had insignificant impact on sea-air CO2 exchange on a short-term timescale. In the next year, we will focus on the impact of typhoon on air-sea CO2 exchange on a long-term timescale."

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Impacts of Typhoons and Internal Waves on Air-Sea Co2 Exchange in the South China Sea Ii

基本資料

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