A Heuristic Algorithm for Multiple Trip Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Window Constraint and Outsider Carrier Selection and Rental Car

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

MOST105-2410-H019-005

Translated Name/計畫中文名

整合具時窗多趟次車輛途程問題與租車或委託零擔貨運服務之演算法

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Ching-Wu Chu

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

Department of Shipping and Transportation Management

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=11906579

Year

2016

Start date/計畫起

01-08-2016

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-07-2017

Bugetid/研究經費

528千元

ResearchField/研究領域

工業工程

"運銷（Physical Distribution)為航運管理重要的一環，運銷管理者所面臨的決策問題很多，如何將貨物由配送中心運送給顧客，是一項很重要的實務問題，因為運輸成本在運銷各項成本中所佔之比例很高。在實際生活中，由於需求具有波動與不確定性，當顧客需求超過業者所擁有之車隊容量時，業者必須考慮以員工加班運送或將過剩的需求另外租車運送或委託零擔貨運運送。以自有車輛運送允許以同一車合併許多不同的運送，到達不同的目的地，如果時間許可，員工可回到配送中心執行第二趟運送，所以運輸成本通常是行駛距離的函數。然而零擔貨運通常分別接受顧客委託，再將不同顧客之貨物併車，其運費通常是貨物種類、目的地、大小的函數。本計晝以單一配送中心為研究對象，在配送中心擁有不同車種與面臨需求超載之情境下，如何整合具時窗多趟次車輛途程與選擇租車或委託零擔貨運服務。主要的研究目的為發展一整數規劃數學模式與啟發式演算法，協助運銷管理者解決問題。本計晝之研究成果，就經濟應用層面而言，計晝所建立之演算法，同時考量具時窗多趟次車輛途程與租車或零擔貨運運送。研究之結果可提供配銷管理者對車輛指派更具調度彈性，而能更精確掌握貨物運送的時效，降低營運成本，增加公司利潤，進而增加國際競爭力。就學術發展層面而言，此一研究情境在車輛途程領域未曾被探討過，為一學術與實務並重之問題。""Physical distribution plays an important role in the shipping industry. The delivery of goods from a depot to local customers is an important and practical problem for logistics managers, because transportation costs amount for a fifth or even a quarter of the average sales dollars. In reality, we are facing the fluctuation of demand. When the total demand is greater than the whole capacity of owned trucks, logistics managers may consider adopting a multi-trip strategy or using an outsider carrier (rental cars or less-than-truckload carriers). A private truck allows a company to consolidate several shipments, going to different destinations, in a single truck. If the travel time permits, employees can drive the truck back to the depot and make the second trip. In general, the transportation cost is a function of the traveling distance. The operation of delivery with a rental car is identical to that of private truck except for there is a fixed cost per car per day. A less-than-truckload carrier usually consolidates different shipments into a car and assumes the responsibility for routing each shipment from origin to destination. The transportation cost is a function of cargo types, destination, and size. In this project, logistics managers must route a fixed number of trucks with different capacities from a single depot to customers with known demand while trucks can operate multi trips with time window constraints or logistics managers make a selection of rental cars and less-than-truckload carriers. The objective of this project is to develop both the mathematical model and the heuristic algorithm to help logistics managers solving the problem. Results of this project are two folds-economic application and academic development. As for economic applications, the proposed algorithm considers adopting a multi-trip strategy or using an outsider carrier (rental cars or less-than-truckload carriers) simultaneously. Research results can make logistics managers assigning vehicles more flexible, and more accurate in delivery time. Eventually the company can reduce total operating costs, increase profits, and enhance international competitiveness. As for academic development, this research scenario has not been discussed in the field of vehicle routing problem. This project is important for both academic development and practice problems."

Keyword(s)

車輛途程問題
啟發式演算法
多趟次
零擔貨運
Vehicle routing problem
Heuristics
Multi trips
Less-than-truckload

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A Heuristic Algorithm for Multiple Trip Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Window Constraint and Outsider Carrier Selection and Rental Car

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