Could the Emerging Contaminants, Microplastics Be as Vectors to Spread Specific Microbes: the Effects of Microplastics on Cultured Oysters and Common Orient Clam and Their Endophytic Microbial Communities(1/2)

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基本資料

Project title

Code/計畫編號

MOST109-2313-B019-003-MY2

Translated Name/計畫中文名

新興污染物-塑膠微粒可能成為傳播特定菌群的載體嗎？塑膠微粒於水產養殖牡蠣、文蛤與其內共生菌相的影響(1/2)

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Ying-Ning Ho

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Co-Investigator(s)/共同執行人

徐德華

Department/Unit

Institute of Marine Biology

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=13375511

Year

2020

Start date/計畫起

01-01-2020

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-12-2020

Bugetid/研究經費

900千元

ResearchField/研究領域

漁業

Description

Abstract

牡蠣和文蛤（Meretrix lusoria）是台灣水產養殖業中重要的經濟雙殼類（貝類養殖面積排名前二）。然而，近年來，經濟雙殼類產業面臨天然牡蠣幼苗生產不穩定和文蛤不明原因大量死亡的問題。海洋的塑料廢物排放管理不善的問題已在世界上引起了人們的關注，有相關報導指出塑料廢物對海洋生物的負面影響。在台灣西部河流河口海域周圍，發現了大量的塑料碎片和微塑料，西部海域被視為台灣塑膠微粒的熱點。塑料碎片和塑膠微粒可能形成新的微生物棲息地，稱為“塑膠圈”，它是一個新的海洋微生態系統，可視為海洋微生物入侵的媒介。新興的污染物，塑膠微粒能否作為媒介傳播病原菌並影響我們的水產養殖業呢？這些塑膠微粒可能會附著水生病原體並促進水媒疾病的爆發嗎？這相當值得研究。本研究的主題主要集中在三個主要面向：（1）調查朴子溪出海口，東石港，養殖牡蠣和文蛤中的塑膠微料的分佈。（2）分析水體、塑膠微粒，養殖的牡蠣和文蛤中的微生物菌相組成：我們將使用培養與非培養的方法來分析與塑膠微粒相關的微生物菌相，用來追踪潛在的病原菌並釐清塑膠微粒上的菌群與養殖貝類體內微生物菌相的關係。（3）建立養殖系統，作為評估塑膠微粒於牡蠣與文蛤的影響。除了塑膠微粒對於牡蠣與文蛤所造成的生理影響以外，將進一步探討塑料微粒微生物複合體對於牡蠣與文蛤體內菌相的影響。這項研究將是台灣第一個分析環境塑膠微粒的微生物菌相，並評估塑膠微粒相關微生物在養殖貝類產業的潛在風險之完整調查與研究。此潛在風險評估的結果將為我們提供更多訊息，以了解新興污染物微塑料對水產養殖業的影響。 Oysters and common orient clam (Meretrix lusoria) are the important economic bivalves (the top 2 shellfish culture areas) in Taiwan aquaculture industry. However, recent years economic bivalves industry faced the issues of unstable production of natural oyster seedling and unexplained deaths of clams. The issue of mismanaged plastic waste emissions to the world’s oceans has raised concerns. Some related reports showed its negative effects on the marine living organisms. In Taiwan, large amount of plastic debris and microplastics were detected around the estuary of western rivers in Taiwan and could be considered as the hot spots of microplastics. Plastic debris and microplastics might be the habitats of microorganisms, which called “plastisphere”. Palstishpere is a new marine micro-ecosystem and could be considered as a marine invasion of microorganisms. Could the emerging contaminants, microplastics be as vectors to spread pathogens and to effect into our aquaculture industry? Might these microplastics attach aquatic pathogens and promote aquatic disease outbreak? It is very worth to investigate. The theme of present study focus on three main issues: (1) Surveying the occurrence and spatial distribution of microplastics in the estuary of Puzih River, Dongshi port (東石港), and the cultured oysters and common orient clam. (2) Analyzing microbial community composition of water, plastisphere, cultured oysters and clams: we will use culture-independent and dependent method to analyze the plastic associated microbial communities for tracking potential pathogens and clarifying the relationships between microplastic associated microbes and endophytic microbial community of cultured shellfish. (3) Constructing the breading systems for evaluating the effects of microplastics on the cultured oyster and clam. In addition to the physiological effects of microplatics on oysters and clams, the effects of plastic-microbe complexes on the microbial communities of oysters and clams will be further explored. This research will be the first completed investigation for tracking the environmental microbial community of microplastics and evaluating the potential risk of attached microbes with microplastics on cultured shellfish. The results of potential risk evaluation will supply us more information for understanding the impacts of an emerging pollutant, microplastics on aquaculture industry.

Keyword(s)

牡蠣
文蛤
塑膠微粒
塑膠微粒相關菌群
內共生菌
水媒病原菌媒介
Oyster
common orient clam
microplastics
microplastic associated microbes
endophytic bacteria
vectors of aquatic pathogens