Strategic Design of Distribution Systems with Transportation Mode Selection and Service Level Considerations

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

NSC97-2410-H019-016

Translated Name/計畫中文名

考量運輸模式選擇及服務水準之配送系統策略性設計模式

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Jenn-Rong Lin

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

Department of Transportation Science

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=1679103

Year

2008

Start date/計畫起

01-08-2008

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-07-2009

Bugetid/研究經費

395千元

ResearchField/研究領域

經濟學

"本研究目的在考量多種運輸模式選擇及服務水準下，建構具多產品及多層次結構之配送系統策略性設計模式。模式主要決策變數有物流中心之數目及位置，轉運中心之數目及位置、介於工廠與物流中心間之配送通路選擇（介於工廠與物流中心間之配送路徑選擇與運輸模式選擇之組合）、介於工廠與物流中心間之配送路徑上各項產品之配送量及在途存貨數量、及每個物流中心中各項產品之存貨數量及補貨延遲時間。在設計配送系統時，須同時考量運輸成本、存貨成本、設施成本及服務水準（本模式考量兩種服務水準指標：物流中心中各項產品之訂貨滿足率及零售店之覆蓋率）。在本研究中，考量之決策包括設施投資之長期策略決策及存貨配置與運輸模式選擇之戰術性規劃決策。由於戰術性規劃決策衍生之成本，會影響長期區位決策之決定；且戰術性規劃決策必須在被長期決策界定之網路架構下決定，所以長期策略性的區位決策和戰術性規劃決策在本研究是被連結在一起考量。由於考量多種運輸模式選擇及運輸本與服務水準，並發展出運算負荷上可行之演算法。本研究將開發三種啟發式演算法，以便有效地找出近似最佳解之可行解迴式貪婪演算法無法同時設立物流中心及轉運中心之缺點。上述兩種演算法核心問題在於選定一組流中心及轉運中心後，如何在同時考量運輸成本及存貨成本找出最低成本之。式下限值之模式。在系列的小型測試問題中，將與窮舉法找出之最佳解比較，來討論求解之品質；在實際案例中，將與目標式下限值之模式之最佳解比較，來討論求解之品質。 ""The purpose of this project is to formulate and analyze a strategic design model for multi-product, multi-echelon distribution systems where there are several transportation modes available on each link and service levels considerations. The key design decisions considered are: the number and locations of distribution centers (DC’s) in the system, the number and locations of consolidation centers (CC’s), the selection of transportation channels of shipments between plants and distribution centers (a combination of shipment routing--through a consolidation center or direct and the choice of transportation modes), the in-transit inventory levels of various products, and the inventory levels (and the replenishment lead times) of the various products to be held at the distribution centers. The design decisions are made with concern for both total cost and service levels (measured both by fill rate for orders at the distribution centers and coverage of the retail outlets). The concerns in this model are long-term decisions on facility investments and tactical decisions on inventory levels, and selection of transportation channels, rather than day-to-day operational decisions. The long-term location decisions and tactical decisions are linked together because it is important to consider the transportation modes selection and inventory implication of location decisions at the strategic level, and the tactical decisions must be made within the overall structure determined by the strategic decisions. Distribution system design requires an integrated view of transportation, inventory and facility costs as well as service quality. The presence of significant economies of scale in transportation and the selection of transportation modes complicates the problem by creating stronger interactions among the facility location and network flow variables. This project aims to develop a model that provides an integrated view of the various costs and service quality concerns, as well as computationally feasible methods for obtaining solutions in realistic situations. Three heuristic solution methods will be developed to efficiently find near-optimal solutions. The first is an iterative greedy algorithm for locating DC’s and CC’s. The second and the third are two meta-heuristics: genetic algorithms and harmony search for simultaneously adjusting the locations of DC’s and CC’s. The core problem to be solved is how to compute the flow pattern of products across the network (and associated transportation costs and inventory coosts) for a given set of open DC’s and CC’s. To investigate the quality of solutions, the lower bound of the objective function will be constructed. The quality of solutions to a series of test problems will be evaluated – by comparison to exact solutions created by enumeration in small tests, and by comparison to lower bounds developed for larger test problems."

Keyword(s)

配送系統
設施區位問題
運輸模式
服務水準
凹型成本網路
萬用啟發式演算法
distribution systems
facility location
transportation modes
service levels
concave cost networks
meta-heuristics

DSpace CRIS

Strategic Design of Distribution Systems with Transportation Mode Selection and Service Level Considerations

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