Investigation on Manufacturing Processes of Biodiesel for CFPP Reduction

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

NSC97-2628-E019-016-MY2

Translated Name/計畫中文名

降低冷濾點的生質柴油製程研究

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Cherng-Yuan Lin

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Co-Investigator(s)/共同執行人

邱求三

Department/Unit

Department of Marine Engineering

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=1769997

Year

2009

Start date/計畫起

01-08-2009

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-07-2010

Bugetid/研究經費

1053千元

ResearchField/研究領域

能源工程

生質柴油具有可再生、低碳、生物分解性佳、潤滑性佳、低排氣污染等優點，是全球正積極推廣的清潔替代性燃料。而且生質柴油的冷濾點明顯高於超級柴油，臺灣地區雖處亞熱帶，但高山地區比例高，在高山地區的休閒、民生經濟活動頻繁，若生質柴油的冷濾點過高恐造成油品在低溫下凝固而影響行車安全，以國產料源包括廢食用油及進口的棕欖油所製造之生質柴油皆有冷濾點過高的問題，造成國內推廣生質柴油的瓶頸。根據美國能源部(DOE)及國外生產生質柴油大廠的報告指出，添加抗凍劑對於飽和脂肪酸高的生質柴油例如廢食用油、棕櫚油、動物油脂的生質柴油效果相當有限；另外掺雜高飽和脂肪酸原料於料源中所製造之生質柴油，亦容易因其高冷濾點的成份而提早冷凝出來，逐漸造成油路堵塞。為根本有效解決生質柴油低溫流動特性問題，本計畫擬結合化工、生物及燃料之科技，開發利用中孔洞金屬觸媒以降低生質柴油冷濾點的關鍵技術及製程，以改善生質柴油的低溫流動特性。本計畫預定分二年完成相關工作，第一年的計畫目標著重在研發測試使用實驗室自行合成的中孔洞金屬觸媒於氧化脫氫反應、去飽和化等方法之低冷濾點生質柴油製程技術，並測試所製造出來的生質柴油的燃料性質、引擎性能及排氣特性、實車性能等；第二年著重在調整低冷濾點技術之製程操作參數及建立最適化之低冷濾點技術及操作條件，並將所開發出來之低濾點技術申請專利及技術轉移給有興趣的廠商，以建立獨立自主的低冷濾點生質柴油技術，而提昇車輛使用生質柴油於低溫下的使用安全，減少油品因低溫凝固所造成之事故，同時促進再生能源產業之發展。Biodiesel which bears with significant advantages of renewability, low-carbon, superior biodegradability, excellent lubricity, and low pollutant emission, etc. is regarded as a clean alternative fuel and widely promoted in the world. The cold filter plugging point (CFPP) of biodiesel is significantly higher than that of super low sulfur diesel. Moreover, Taiwan is located in subtropical region; there is a large proportion of high mountain area where frequent recreational and economic activity is held. Vehicles use biodiesel with high cold filter plugging point would abate its driving safety due to biodiesel congealing in fuel system at low temperature. Unfortunately, the biodiesel produced from native stocks such as used cooking oil and imported palm oil generally has shortcoming of high CFPP, resulting in bottleneck for promoting biodiesel as vehicle fuel in Taiwan. Based on the test reports of Department of Energy of America and a large biodiesel manufacturing factory, adding some anti-freezing agent may have only limited effect on improving low-temperature fluidity of biodiesel which is made from high content of saturated fatty acids such as waste cooking oil, palm oil and animal fat. In addition, the content of saturated fatty acids would congeal and separate from other contents in biodiesel to consequently block a fuel pipe system when biodiesel is produced from mixed raw oil. Hence, it is purported to apply the techniques of chemical engineering, biotechnology and fuel to research and develop the key technology of low CFPP of biodiesel in order to effectively improve its low-temperature fluidity characteristics. It is planed to take two years to complete relevant works in this project. In the first year, the research will focus on develop low CFPP techniques by using methods such as catalyst dehydrogenation and desaturate. The fuel properties, diesel engine emission and performance characteristics of diesel vehicle would be analyzed for the biodiesel derived from those techniques. In the second year, the research will concentrate on the adjustment of operating variables and conditions in order to establish optimal low CFPP techniques and accompanying operating variables. We will apple for invention patents for those low CFPP techniques and transfer those techniques to potential manufactures for its mass production. It is hoped that independent low CFPP technology would be developed and the driving safety would be enhanced by using the low CFPP technology. Meanwhile, the development of renewable-energy industry would be advanced as well.

Keyword(s)

生質柴油
冷濾點
燃料性質
觸媒脫氫反應
biodiesel
CFPP
fuel property
catalyst dehydrogenation

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Investigation on Manufacturing Processes of Biodiesel for CFPP Reduction

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