Study on Diapausing Stage Resistance for the Elaboration of a New Biotechnology to Prevent the Spreading of Invasive Species with Ship's Ballast Waters and Sediments

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

NSC95-2923-B019-001-MY2

Translated Name/計畫中文名

防止入侵種之休眠階段藉船舶壓艙水和沈積物傳播蔓延之新的生物技術研發

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

I-Shiung Chen

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

Institute of Marine Biology

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=1639041

Year

2007

Start date/計畫起

01-10-2007

Expected Completion/計畫迄

01-09-2008

Bugetid/研究經費

400千元

ResearchField/研究領域

生物科學

"許多水生無脊椎生物能克服苛刻的環境狀況譬如高溫/低溫、乾燥、低氧等，它們經過數百萬年之適應已可產生適應力極強的休眠的階段，這些休眠期可克服他們的生命週期的災難期間。因此，不同的適應策略已發展出來，包括低新陳代謝的活動，防護機制（抗壓力酵素，生物抗凍機制）儲積，能量儲備與特別防護之多重囊胞且具有選擇性的膜。結果這些靜止的（休眠的）階段產生其對環境惡化強的抵抗力，當被運輸時與船舶艙壓水一起並且沉積在艙壓儲水箱可長期存活而不會喪失其生存能力（達幾個月和甚而數十年）。這就是為什麼在過去的十年中這些休眠的孢子在海洋和大陸蔓延性種類連續地在新環境中連續的建立了許多新族群。雖然休眠孢子在水生無脊椎生物以被廣泛的研究，但休眠階段的內部機制，特別是分子遺傳和生化的層面仍甚少被研究。本研究的主要目的乃在探討海水與淡水孢子之休眠機制，並瞭解壓艙水和沈積物中之休眠孢子休眠期之生存機制。" "Many aquatic invertebrates are able to overcome harsh environmental conditions such as low/high temperature, desiccation, low oxygen etc. by producing special resting stages that have evolved to overcome catastrophic periods of their life cycle through millions of years of adaptation. Hence, a set of different adaptations like low metabolic activity, accumulation of protective mechanisms (stress-enzymes, biological anti-freezers), energy reserve as well as special protective multilevel cysts with selective membranes. As a result these resting (diapausing) stages show a strong resistance to environmental deteriorations and can stay viable during long periods of time while being transported along with ships’ ballast water and sediment in the ballast water tanks (for months and even decades) without loosing their viability. The adaptation to produce resting stages is the main reason why many marine and continental invasive species have successively established populations in new environments within the last decades. Even though diapause is intensively studied in a wide range of aquatic invertebrates the internal mechanism of diapause and resting stage adaptations at molecular-genetic and biochemical levels have not been studied in particular. The project proposed here is the first aim at the study of mechanisms of diapause in marine and freshwater invertebrates in order to discover the mechanisms of survivorship of diapause stages in ballast waters and sediments."

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Study on Diapausing Stage Resistance for the Elaboration of a New Biotechnology to Prevent the Spreading of Invasive Species with Ship's Ballast Waters and Sediments

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