Manupulation of the Microalgae Community of Shrimp Aquaculture Ponds by Polyamines and Ciliates

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

MOST109-2313-B019-005

Translated Name/計畫中文名

以多胺類與纖毛蟲控制蝦類養殖池藻相的研究

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Han-Jia Lin

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=13534488

Year

2020

Start date/計畫起

01-08-2020

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-07-2021

Bugetid/研究經費

1100千元

ResearchField/研究領域

漁業

With the depletion of global capture fishery, aquaculture is more and more important nowadays. Shrimp is one of the most potential aquaculture species with great economic value. Currently, many problems occurred to the intensive farming model, including the prevalence of infectious diseases and the environmental pollution caused by the discharge of aquaculture wastewater. The ideal aquaculture system should maintain ecological balance with good microalgae populations, and diatoms are the best phytoplankton in shrimp culture environments. They can uptake and metabolize ammonia waste, inhibit harmful microorganisms, and are high-quality natural feed for shrimp. However, the maintenance of diatom populations in the aquaculture environment is very difficult. The survival of diatom is mainly affected by environmental stress and the competition from harmful algae, especially cyanobacteria. In this project, we propose two strategies to keep diatom as the dominant phytoplankton in shrimp culture pond. Firstly, using Strombidium sp. NTOU1, an indigenous species collected from north Taiwan, can remove harmful cyanobacteria by actively ingestion. Previously, we had scaled up the cultivation of this ciliate and applied them to remove pathogenic Vibrio in grouper aquaculture. Here, we would like to apply the ciliates to decrease the population of cyanobacteria, meanwhile the relatively larger diatoms can take the advantage to become dominant algae species. Secondly, externally addition of polyamines may improve stress resistance of diatom in shrimp aquaculture pond. Polyamines are important metabolites for various organisms to regulate their growth and physiology. The addition of polyamines to plants not only can induce the expression of polyamine oxidase, but also produce some downstream products, such as GABA, involved in stress-regulated responses. In this project, we will study the metabolic pathways of polyamines in diatoms and the mechanisms that counteract adversity. Finally, the above two strategies will be practiced to verify the feasibility of maintaining a stable diatom ecology in shrimp culture environments. Through this project, it will bring more possibilities to increase the economic value as well as sustainable development of aquaculture. 隨著全球捕撈漁業資源逐漸枯竭，水產養殖的重要性日增，其中蝦類養殖更是極具經濟價值的潛力養殖物種之一。但目前集約的養殖模式也帶來傳染疾病盛行以及排放廢水對環境的破壞。理想的養殖系統應該要有良好的藻類族群，維持生態平衡。矽藻是蝦類養殖環境中最理想的藻類。它們可以代謝氨氮廢物、抑制有害微生物，並且可作為蝦類的優質天然餌料。但是矽藻族群在養殖環境的維持不易，主要受到環境逆境影響藻類存活，尤其是受到藍綠菌等有害藻類的競爭。因此，控制養殖環境的藻相是良好生態養殖的重要議題。在本計畫中，我們提出兩個策略。其一是利用臺灣特有種的纖毛蟲 Strombidium sp. NTOU1 主動捕食環境中的有害藍綠菌。這種纖毛蟲過去已由本團隊建立大量培養的模式，並成功地應用於石斑魚的弧菌病生物防治。藉由纖毛蟲將微小的有害微生物去除，來讓體型相對較大的矽藻成為環境優勢藻種。其二，是利用外添加多胺類提升矽藻的抗逆境能力。多胺類是各種生物調控生長與生理的重要代謝物。近來也被發現外添加多胺於植物上可以誘導多胺氧化酶的表現，其酵素產物可衍生 GABA 等相關逆境調節的反應。在計畫中，我們將深入探討多胺在矽藻中的代謝途徑以及對抗逆境的機制。最後是利用上述兩個策略實際驗證在蝦類養殖環境中，維持穩定矽藻生態的可行性。透過本計畫的研究，將為水產養殖的產業價值與永續發展帶來更多的可能。

Keyword(s)

生物控制
纖毛蟲
矽藻
多胺
蝦
藍綠菌
Biological control
ciliate
diatom
polyamide
shrimp
cyanobacteria

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Manupulation of the Microalgae Community of Shrimp Aquaculture Ponds by Polyamines and Ciliates

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