The Research in Wei Jiao’S Philosophy of Qi

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

MOST109-2410-H019-025

Translated Name/計畫中文名

復歸本體之善——魏校氣學思想屬性探析

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Pao-Wen Kuo

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

General Education Center

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=13544155

Year

2020

Start date/計畫起

01-08-2020

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-07-2021

Bugetid/研究經費

490千元

ResearchField/研究領域

哲學

Since we had distinguished two different types of Qi theory, this research project would like to discover which type Wei Jiao’s theory is. Wei Jiao had advocated the principle of qi and qi are intimate but not the same thing, and he had valued the principle more than manifestations. Wei Jiao had also emphasized that the human nature is completely good, and the evil is from the acquired Qi. Therefore, Wei Jiao had proposed to change the acquired Qi into complete goodness, which means to return to the principle of qi instead of developing the inner kindness into consummation. This research project would like to establish further and complete system of Qi theory in Ming and Qing dynasties. 筆者近年來主要的研究方向在探討「明清氣學內部思想異同」，亦即明清氣學內部可分為兩種不同的思維類型，一重復歸本體之氣，以羅欽順為代表；另一則強調發展的重要性，以王廷相和戴震為代表。那麼是否有其他明清氣學的學者，也有這樣的思想分別，只是過去常被學者所忽略，便成為筆者持續探索的議題。本計畫便擬由與羅欽順約略同時的魏校入手，初步發現他重視氣之「所以該得如此」的理，展現了既以氣為本的氣學屬性，但又十分看重「該得如此」的理，並認為理是純粹至善的存在。因此魏校認為人性其實本善，但人身因是陰陽五行之氣凝聚而成，故有清濁厚薄等不齊之處，也易受物欲所擾，而使純善無惡之本性有不善之表現。於是在如何成善一點上，魏校便主張須變化氣質以回復本體之善，減除氣之中渣滓的部份，留下精英也就是至善的成份，那便是渾然至善的性善本體。本計畫擬在過往的研究成果基礎上，透過原典文字搭配前人研究成果，釐定魏校思想在氣學譜系中的定位為何。也就筆者過去已嘗試建立的「兩種氣學」之視角，將魏校思想和明清具有代表性的氣學家思想予以對比，希望能豐富明清氣學的內涵，建構明清氣學的思想譜系。

Keyword(s)

明代
氣學
魏校
復性
變化氣質
Theory of Qi
Ming dynasty
Wei Jiao
return to completely good human nature
change the acquired Qi

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The Research in Wei Jiao’S Philosophy of Qi

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