Design and Implementation of a High-Efficacy USB Power Delivery (USB PD) Adapter with Adaptive Voltage Regulation for Charging/Powering ICT/3C Products

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

MOST109-2622-E019-011

Translated Name/計畫中文名

ICT/3C產品充/供電用具適應性電壓轉換控制之高效能USB電力傳輸(USB PD)適配器研製

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Shun-Chung Wang

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

Department of Electrical Engineering,LHU

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=13608780

Year

2020

Start date/計畫起

01-11-2020

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-10-2021

Bugetid/研究經費

425千元

ResearchField/研究領域

能源工程

雖然目前市面上各種廠牌的手持/行動式ICT/3C裝置的資料傳輸和供電方式大都是透過通用串列匯流排(universal serial bus，USB)介面來設計，但各廠家都擁有其專屬設計之充/供電規格和配件，也就是不同品牌的行動裝置之充/供電適配器和連接線等配件是不相容且無法共用的，這造成消費者使用上極大不便與日後隨裝置淘汰的浪費與環保議題。為解決此問題並提升供電瓦數，USB開發者論壇(Implementers Forum, USB-IF)協會提出架構於USB Type-C接頭的電力傳輸(Power Delivery，USB PD)充/供電源規範，規範中規定須根據USB PD協議和功率等級(profile)來調節充/供電壓和電流，只需透過一條USB連接線，就能同時進行裝置之供電受電、資料傳輸、和視訊傳輸。目前USB PD裝置大多是45W以下為主，60W至100W的USB PD設備並不常見。基於未來高效率和小型化USB PD技術開發和廣大商機的需求，本計畫研製一基於同步整流返馳式轉換器具適應性輸出電壓轉換控制之高效能USB PD適配器，返馳式轉換器結構簡單所需元件數少，設計複雜性和成本低且有可小型化優勢，同步整流器可以進一步減少導通損失並改善效率。根針對不同負載需求，本計畫提出空載或極輕載模擬二極體模式、輕載不連續導通同步整流模式，中重載連續導通同步整流模式之控制策略，來穩定地調控電壓/電流以滿足輸出需求。本計畫將實際研製一符合USB PD 3.0規範之60 W雛型電路，透過實驗波形量測來驗證所研究的USB PD適配器之系統架構和控制方法之正確性，另經由與傳統返馳式轉換器作效率實測並比較，以凸顯所研製的USB PD適配器之性能改善提升。Although the data transmission and power supply types of various hand-held/mobile ICT/3C devices on the market are mostly designed through the universal serial bus (USB) interface, each manufacturer has its own unique design and specifications for the charging/power supply and accessories. That is, for different brand mobile devices, the charging/power supply adapters and cables are incompatible and cannot be shared currently. Which causes great inconvenience to consumers and the problem of waste and environmental protection when the devices are phased out in the future. To solve this problem and boost the supply power, the USB Implementers Forum (USB-IF) released the power delivery (USB PD) specification based on the USB Type-C interface. The specification stipulates that the charging/supply voltage and current must be regulated according to the USB PD protocol and power profile. Only need to connect through a USB cable, the transmission of the power, data, and video signal between devices can be conducted simultaneously.At present, most USB-PD devices are mainly under 45W, and the power of device with USB PD from 60W to 100W are not common. Based on the USB-PD development in high efficiency and miniaturization technology and, the needs of the huge business opportunities, this project proposes a high-performance USB PD adapter constructed by the synchronous rectification (SR) flyback converter with adaptive output voltage conversion control. The flyback converter is simple in structure, requires few components, low in design complexity and cost, and has the advantage of miniaturization. Synchronous rectifier can further reduce conduction loss and improve efficiency. To meet different load requirements, control strategies of diode emulation mode for no-load or very light load operation, discontinuous conduction SR mode for light load condition, medium and continuous conduction SR mode under heavy load state are proposed in this project to well regulate output voltage/current. A 60W prototype circuit that complies with the USB PD 3.0 specification will be made. The correctness of the system architecture and control method studied will be verified through the measured experimental waveforms. The efficiency is measured also and compared with the conventional counterpart to highlight the performance improvement of the USB PD adapter developed.

Keyword(s)

USB電力傳輸(USB PD)
同步整流
返馳式轉換器
USB power delivery (USB PD)
synchronous rectification (SR)
flyback converter

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Design and Implementation of a High-Efficacy USB Power Delivery (USB PD) Adapter with Adaptive Voltage Regulation for Charging/Powering ICT/3C Products

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