逼近情勢臨界點時間之回顧與分析

Abstract

本文係以直航船之觀點，回顧逼近情勢臨界點時間相關文獻。首先探討碰撞危機之定義，並分析其與船舶領域模型之關係；繼而，討論碰撞的四個階段，並歸納逼近情勢之定義；進而，依據經驗法則、描述性模式與規範性模式等分類分析逼近情勢臨界點模式；最後，則歸納逼近情勢臨界點時間計算模式之概念。期能作為後續研究之參考，增進航行安全。關鍵詞： 逼近情勢、碰撞危機、避碰規則。 This paper aims to review the literature of critical time for preventing closequarters situations (CQS) ased on the viewpoint of the stand-on vessels. The definition of risk of collision and its relationship with ship domains are first discussed. The four stages in a collision situation are then described. The definition of a closequarters situation is subsequently derived from the discussion. Three types of models to determine critical distance or time, namely rules of thumb, described models and prescribed models, are reviewed and analyzed. Finally, the concept of the model for determining the critical time to prevent a CQS can be established based on these discussions. It is hoped that this paper may provide a foundation for future works on this topic to enhance the navigation safety. Keywords: Close-Quarters Situation, Risk of Collision, COLREGS.