STEM融入海洋教育課程提升師資培育生海洋素養與實作能力之研究

Abstract

教育部於2011年全⾯推動海洋教育，海洋教育成為各級學校融入課程的⽅向。在推動海洋教育的過程中，各級教師的海洋知能與素養實為推動之主⼒，但海洋教育在現階段課程與教材相當缺乏，相關內容在教科書中所佔的比例不超過5%，對實際推動海洋教育的教師⽽⾔是⼀⼤挑戰，且國內師資⽣的海洋素養研究缺少相關實徵研究。國內融入海洋教育的課程與活動極少，進⾏⽅式多以海洋議題專題演講呈現，教師不易將內容轉化⾄課堂當中，造成海洋教育無法落實在現場教學中。本計畫以師資培育過程中的⾃然與⽣活科技教材教法課程為例，透過STEM融入海洋教育課程提升師資培育⽣海洋素養與實作能⼒。課程結合6E探索教學模式，分別是概念導入、⾃⾝理解、解釋與定義、深度理解、深化經驗與評量成果。透過⼀學年的⾏動研究，觀察、實施、省思與反思，增進未來師資⽣的海洋教學能⼒。研究並透過量化問卷與質性晤談蒐集資料，做為未來課程實施參考之⽤。本研究的結果可供我國海洋教育與環境教育相關研究及師資培育單位參考，以提升未來海洋教育在學校課程之實施成效。 By including marine education as a significant topic in the 2011 curriculum syllabus published by the Ministry of Education, marine education has become increasingly integrated into educational curricula at every level. In the process of promoting marine education, ocean literacy, and comprehension of teachers at each level is the primary force behind the popularization of marine education. However,suitable marine education curricula and teaching materials are lacking: the ratio of relevant content in textbooks does not exceed 5%. Related researches on pre-service teachers are lacking. Therefore, the insufficient amount of pertinent content presents a significant challenge for teachers in promoting marine education. The study takes the course of natural and life science and technology teaching materials in the process of pre-service teachers. It integrates marine education courses through STEM to enhance teachers' ability to promote ocean literacy and practical ability. The course combines 6E exploration teaching modes, which are concept engage, explore, explain, extend/elaborate, enrich and evaluation. Through a semester of action research, observation, implementation, reflection, and enhance the ocean teaching ability of future teachers. Research and collect data through quantitative questionnaires and qualitative interviews as a reference for future curriculum implementation. The results of this study can provide suggestions and recommendations for the center of teachers and those who care about the ocean, environmental education to increase the effectiveness of infusing marine education into school curricula.