影片教學取代實驗動物之使用：強化學生對於消化道生理及免疫學之認知

Abstract

本課程旨在為本系碩士班學生提供消化系統生理和免疫學的基本知識，這對於他們的研究論文和未來從事食品、保健品或口服藥物開發相當重要。目前，此課程以講授和討論為主，評分方式包括討論、期中考試和期末報告。然而，部分學生參與度低，期末報告主題過於個人化，導致學習內容狹隘，深度和廣度不足。此外，醫學院和獸醫學院的學生需要人體或動物器官組織作為相關課程教材，但在非上述的教學單位很難實現，且實驗動物替代已成為當今的重要議題。為解決上述問題，本計畫將導入和連結與消化系統相關的檢查和實驗操作的影片，而不使用實驗動物，以使學生能夠近乎實際操作的方式理解相關內容。前半學期將繼續採用現行教學方式，以確保學生具消化系統生理和免疫學的基本知識，同時也作為對照組。後半學期，將導入影片作為主要教學工具，並輔以口頭說明和討論。期末評分方式將改為學生分組進行相關研究報告，報告中實驗和檢查步驟將以影片呈現，影片來源包括學術期刊、衛教及實驗教學相關的公開網站。學習成效將通過同儕評審和問卷調查來驗證，並與前半學期教學方式進行比較。希望此教學方法能激發學生的學習熱忱和學習成效。此計畫產出的教材也可作為未來類似課程的教學資源。 The course of Gastrointestinal Physiology and Immunology aims to provide master's students with knowledge of the physiology and immunology of the digestive system. This foundation is crucial for their thesis research and future employment in fields such as food, health supplements, and even the development of oral medications. For relevant product design, it should consider whether they can be effectively digested, absorbed, and maintain their activity after oral consumption or act on the target digestive tract or intestinal microbiota. The current method of teaching primarily involves lectures and discussions, with assessment methods including in-class discussions, mid-term written exams, and final presentations of relevant research papers. However, students' participation in class discussions is relatively low, and the final presentations often revolve around their own master's thesis topics, making it difficult to generate enthusiasm and leading to a narrow and shallow understanding of the subject matter. Furthermore, students from medical or veterinary schools require teaching materials related to the anatomical structure, physiological function, and immunological function of the digestive system, often involving human or animal organs or tissues. This can be challenging for non-medical or non-veterinary teaching units, and the replacement of laboratory animals is currently a significant issue. To address these issues, this project aims to introduce and link videos of relevant examinations and experimental procedures in the digestive system without using laboratory animals, allowing students to have a more hands-on understanding of the research. In the first half of the semester, the course will be taught in the current way to ensure that students have a basic understanding of digestive system physiology and immunology and to serve as a control group. In the second half, videos will be the primary teaching method, supplemented by oral explanations and discussions. The final assessment will involve group presentations on related research, with explanations and descriptions of experiments provided through videos. The source of the videos will be academic journals, health education, and publicly available websites for experimental teaching. Learning outcomes will be validated through online peer reviews and questionnaires, and compared to the teaching methods used in the first half of the semester. It is hoped that this teaching approach will inspire students' enthusiasm for learning and enhance their performance in this course. The teaching materials produced as part of this project can also serve as instructional resources for future courses in the same subject.