Degradation of Anti-nutritional Factors in Soybean Meal by Lactic Acid Bacteria Using a Novel Solid-State Fermentor (I)

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

MOST104-2622-E019-004-CC2

Translated Name/計畫中文名

利用新穎固態發酵槽操作系統以乳酸菌降解豆粕抗營養因子( I )

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Guo-Jane Tsai

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

Department of Food Science

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=11398981

Year

2015

Start date/計畫起

01-02-2015

Expected Completion/計畫迄

01-01-2016

Bugetid/研究經費

981千元

ResearchField/研究領域

食品科技(農)
生物技術(農)

由於水產養殖量需求逐年增加，使得魚粉價格上揚。黃豆及豆粕蛋白質含量高且供應量充足，為良好的魚粉替代品。然而黃豆中含有許多抗營養因子，如胰蛋白酶抑制劑、過敏性蛋白質、植酸、凝集素及皂素，其中植酸不易去除且會降低生物體之生長速率而備受關注。本研究由魚腸道中分離出具有抗發炎、產γ-胺基丁酸或抗菌能力之 25 株乳酸菌當中篩選具有植酸分解能力之菌株，並探討其降解黃豆植酸能力。25 株乳酸菌株利用植酸平板培養基篩選出 12 株具有植酸酶透明環之乳酸菌，其透明環直徑介於 1.63-2.5 cm。另將菌株以 MRS-MOPS 液態培養 24 小時後，植酸酶活性為 0.8-6.4 U/mL。將該 12 株乳酸菌以豆粕為基質進行發酵，FKR3741、FPP 2509、FPS 2520 之 3 株乳酸菌分離株有最高之植酸酶活性及植酸降解能力，當豆粕與水比例為 1：3，起始接菌量為每克豆粕 105-6 菌落數，培養於37oC、72 小時，其對豆粕植酸降解率分別為 39%、37% 及 49%。於相同條件下固態發酵黃豆粉植酸降解量分別提升至60%、77% 及 79%。後續以 FPS 2520 接種於 MRS-MOPS 液態培養基培養 48 小時，所得植酸酶活性為 7.4 U/mL。該粗酵素液最適作用溫度及 pH 值分別為 65oC 及 pH 4.5。其於 50oC，12 小時仍保有 88% 活性。於發酵第 36 小時將溫度由 37oC 升到 50oC 之二階段發酵黃豆粉，FPS 2520 可使黃豆粉植酸降解率達到 83 %。 The cost of fish meal raises up greatly due to the increasing of aquaculture harvest. Soybean or soybean meal (SBM) may become replacer due to its high protein content, cheaper price and steady supply. However, soybean contains many anti-nutritional factors, such as lectin, trypsin inhibitor, saponin, phytic acid, and allergenic proteins, among which phytic acid is the most concerned due to its decreasing the growth rate and blocking the nutrients absorption of the organism. The aims of this study were to screen phytase producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from fish intestines and to investigate their phytase degradation efficacy in soybean. Among 25 strains of LAB with anti-inflammatory, anti-bacteria or γ-aminobutyric acid production activity, 12 strains were demonserated to produce clear-zone with 1.63-2.5 cm diameters on phytate plate, and to have the phytase activity of 0.8-6.4 U/mL in MRS-MOPS medium. After evaluation of the phytate degradation efficacy in solid-state fermented soybean or soymeal, the three strains of FKR 3741, FPP 2509 and FPS 2520 were demonstrated to have the highest phytase activity and phytate degradation efficacy. The phytate degradation efficacy for the strains of FKR 3741, FPS 2520 and FPP 2509 in the optimum conditions of water to soybean meal in a ratio of 1:3 with 10 5-6 CFU/g inoculum at 37oC for 72 h were 39%, 37% and 49%, respectively. The phytate degradation efficacy were further increased to 60%, 77% and 79%, respectively if soybean meal were replaced by soybean. The phytase activity produced by FPS 2520 in MRS-MOPS medium at 37oC for 48 hr was 7.4 U/mL.The optimal temperature and pH for the crude enzyme obtained were 65oC and pH 4.5, respectively. The crude enzyme was thermal stable with residual activity being 88% after incubation at 50oC for 12 hr. Using 2 stages of incubation temperature of 37oC and 50oC. The phytate degradation efficacy by FPS 2520 in soybean were further increased to 83%.

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Degradation of Anti-nutritional Factors in Soybean Meal by Lactic Acid Bacteria Using a Novel Solid-State Fermentor (I)

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