Spatial Zoning Strategies for Multiple-Use Marine Areas in the Northern Taiwan

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

MOST105-2611-M019-007

Translated Name/計畫中文名

臺灣北部沿海空間規劃策略分析

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Hsiang-Wen Huang

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

Institute of Marine Affairs and Resource Management

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=11893191

Year

2016

Start date/計畫起

01-08-2016

Expected Completion/計畫迄

01-07-2017

Bugetid/研究經費

803千元

ResearchField/研究領域

海洋科學

"因應人類糧食需求，導致過度捕撈，以致對海洋資源造成壓力，為維護海洋漁業資源的永續，海洋保護區、禁漁區、禁漁期等多種管理措施被採用，其中海洋保護區被視為最具有成效的保育措施。臺灣北部海域為沿近海漁業重要漁場，需要妥善的監控系統以求環境與資源之永續。本研究旨在瞭解漁業及其他海洋產業對於臺灣北部海洋資源的衝擊，從生態系管理的角度擬定資源保育措施。本研究以臺灣北部海域(北緯24-28 度、東經120-126 度)為研究範圍，利用分層立意抽樣，於新北市、基隆市、宜蘭縣等地區、針對漁業、航運、海洋休閒觀光以及其他等主要產業，預計面訪60 位權益關係人，藉由詢問作業季節、地點、主要漁獲物種及其分佈、潛水觀察之生物物種、棲地型態、作業成本、收益、活動人次、頻度以及海洋重要資源區域認知等，蒐集各規劃單位(planning unit) 之空間相關資料，以估計物種歧異度指數、棲地類型、各項海洋相關產業淨收益等。利用兩種方法進行評估，方法一將利用MARXAN 軟體，假設三個不同的成本情境，包含(1)產業活動面積、(2)漁業(商業漁業及休閒漁業)收益、(3)休閒觀光，在保育目標分別為海域面積的10%、20%、30%的設定下，分析在此三種情境、三種保育目標下，最適的海洋保護區範圍及地點。方法二將分析權益關係人建議的海洋保護區面積與位置。進而結合以上兩方法之結果，綜合性探討各項保育措施之可行性，並篩選優先保育區域，提供作為建議。本研究預期將建立臺灣北部海洋產業監控體系，作為制定整合性管理措施之科學依據。請概述執行本計畫可能產生對社會、經濟、學術發展等面向的預期影響性臺灣過去針對特定水域之海洋資源研究，如龜山島、北方三島等，範圍較為侷限，漁民及不同產業團體對海洋保護區的劃設或相關保育管理措施常持反對意見。臺灣北部海域屬於一個海洋生態系，考量其社會經濟因素，本研究藉由漁民及其他權益相關者的參與，在以科學為基礎資料的背景下，進行大尺度時空分析，納入其認知，將能促進海洋資源利用與產業的合理配置，其研究成果對於學術以及管理均能有具體貢獻。" "To meet the requirement for human food security, the fishing activities have tremendous serious impacts on marine resources. Under the circumstances, many conservation measures are applied to ensure the sustainability of marine ecosystem, such as marine protected areas (MPAs), area closure and time closure. Among them, MPA is considered as one of the most efficiency tools. Considering the northern waters of Taiwan is an important fishing ground, it is necessary to establish a monitoring system to ensure the sustainability of marine environment and resources. This research aims to evaluate the impact of fisheries and other related marine industries on marine resources and propose conservation measures in accordance with ecosystem-based management approach. The study area will be in the area of northern waters of Taiwan (between 24-28° N, 120-126° E). Sixty stakeholders from industries, including fisheries, shipping, marine recreational industries, and other industries from New Taipei City, Keelung, Ilan will be interviewed by stratification purposive sampling. The data, including fishing season, fishing position, target species distribution, species seen during diving, habitat type, cost, income, number of tourists, and perception of marine resources conservation areas will be collected by planning unit. The data will be used to estimate the species diversity index, habitat type, and benefit-and-cost. Two methods will be used for spatial zoning. First, MARXAN will be applied to analyze the MPAs areas under the target of 10%, 20%, 30% of three cost scenarios, including (1) industries activities areas, (2) fisheries(commercial and recreational) income, and (3) recreational industries. Secondly, the perceptions of stakeholders will be used to evaluate the areas of MPAs. The results of the two methods will be compared and coordinated to propose the best MPAs. This research is expected to establish a monitoring system for marine industries in the northern Taiwan as important scientific bases for further resources management. Most previous research on Taiwan MPAs, such as the research in the Gueishen Islands and Northern Three Islets, were focus on a smaller scale and concentrate on fisheries. However, these proposals or regulations were often against by fishermen or other related stakeholders. Considering the northern waters of Taiwan is a large marine ecosystem, and the importance of social-economic factors, this research try to include the perceptions of stakeholders, and combine the scientific based research. The results are expected to contribute to scientific research as well as management purposes."

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Spatial Zoning Strategies for Multiple-Use Marine Areas in the Northern Taiwan

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