尋找本心的道德：道德教育的「心」體驗

Abstract

本文是一篇道德教育的行動研究，教學對象是教育研究所的研究生，研究者企圖以「全人」視野重新詮釋道德教育之教學，並強調心靈層面的道德。本文的研究目的是設計一個以心靈為導向的道德教育課程，指導學生尋找本心的道德；在課程實施過程中，觀察學生道德認知的轉變；並且指導研究生將道德相關理念應用於教學實務之中；最後是探討教師本人在教學歷程中的省思。研究者透過觀察、與學生對話、省思札記，以及學生平時作業和期末問卷調查等主要文本，作為研究資料蒐集之內容。經過一學期的道德教育教學，研究者發現：一、課堂的靜心練習有助研究生心靈的覺知，以及道德認知的提升；二、透過心靈的深度體驗，以及日常生活的實作，例如靜心與感恩的實踐，能幫助學生心靈的平和以及與他人和諧互動；三、本心的道德對研究生而言，不容易用「腦」理解，多數是用「心」去體會。文章最後，研究者並提出未來研究方向之建議。

This is an action research on moral education for master students in an institute of education. The motivation of this research is triggered from morality is a necessary in current educational practices; however, it is easy to be ignored. The researcher attempts to interpret the teaching of moral education by employing the ‘holistic person’ perspectives. Meanwhile, the spiritual morality is focused on in master students’ learning. The aims of this research are as follows: first, a moral education curriculum is designed, which is spiritually oriented. Second, the transformation of master students’ moral cognition is observed in the curriculum implementation. Third, the researcher guides students to apply the idea of spiritual morality into their teaching in elementary and secondary schools. Forth, teaching reflections in this research is described. The manners of data collection in this research are observation, interview, taking reflective notes and collecting text from students’ assignment and questionnaire. The research results are: practices of meditation in the classroom are helpful to enhance students’ moral cognition. In addition, daily lives practices of meditation or gratitude are beneficial for master students’ mora development. It is found that spiritual morality is learned more by realization in mind, rather than understanding by the brain. In the end of this article, several suggestions for the future research are provided by the author.