Scenario Simulation and Disaster Management for Concentrated Runoff from Suburban Mountain Areas under Severe Weather Conditions

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

MOST105-2625-M019-004

Translated Name/計畫中文名

劇烈天氣引致都市與鄰近地區複合型災害之情境模擬與災害管理-子計畫:劇烈天氣下都市鄰近山區逕流匯集之情境模擬與災害管理(I)

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Kwan-Tun Lee

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

Department of Harbor and River Engineering

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=11892164

Year

2016

Start date/計畫起

01-08-2016

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-12-2016

Bugetid/研究經費

895千元

ResearchField/研究領域

防災工程

"本研究依科技部所規劃之研究課題3-2「城市防洪減災策略研究」與3-6「流域洪災管理之研發與應用」進行研提，研究内容涉及(1)都市及近都會區複合災害之耐災力風險度評估，（2)都市洪峰消減方案研擬以及(3)結合即時監測資料之模擬以探討強降雨所引致之複合型災害。台灣位處熱帶氣旋行經路徑之要衝，於每年夏秋之際經常遭受颱風所夾帶之強風豪雨侵襲。研究顯示近十年來颱風發生次數逐年增加，降雨強度屢創新高；因此重新檢視與評估都市地區之防洪設施，謀求妥適的應變措施與災害管理方法，方能有效地降低洪災損失，保障居民生命財產安全。有鑑於都市内水溢淹的水流主要來自都市鄰近山區所匯集之逕流，因此本研究之目的乃在分析降雨期間坡地逕流匯集情形，建立都市鄰近山區逕流模擬模式，以利於都市減災策略之研擬。研究中為能掌握都市近郊地形與地表覆蓋之空間變異特性，將採用分佈式逕流演算方式以分析逕流匯集特性，並嘗試配合滯洪設施運算以消減逕流尖峰，達到災害管理之目的。本研究將以台北都會區之鄰近山區為研究地區，收集研究地區水文紀錄資料，並配合數值高程模式之分析，發展分佈式逕流分析模式。第一年計晝(2016-2017)將考量都市鄰近坡地地形與土地利用之空間變異明顯，進行糙度係數空間變異對逕流特性之影響分析。第二年計晝(2017-2018)擬探討逕流由陡坡進入緩坡地區，採用運動波與擴散波模式之模擬差異；同時分析最陡坡降流向與多格點流向的處理方式，對於逕流演算之差異。第三年計晝(2018-2019)將在考量都市下水道系統設計容量情況下，建立山區逕流滯洪設施模式，以進行都市近郊地區之災害管理；並同時配合總計晝串接各子計晝分析案例以進行洪災分析，以期將研究成果應用於實際防災工作。" "Taiwan is located at the path of tropical cyclones. Heavy rainstorms brought by typhoons frequently occur in summer and autumn seasons. The number of typhoons has been noted increasing over the past decade, and the rainfall intensity has also been found higher than before. In order to reduce flood risk and protect lives and properties, reassessing flood prevention facilities and seek contingency measures for disaster management are important in the urban areas. In considering that the inundation from sewer system is mainly caused by the runoff from suburban mountain areas. The purpose of this study is to simulate the concentrated runoff from suburban mountain areas for disaster management under extreme weather conditions. A fully distributed runoff model will be developed to consider the spatial variety of land cover condition and geomorphologic characteristics, and a detention basin design will also be included to mitigate the flood peak to avoid inundation in the downstream sewer system. This study will be implemented to the Taipei metropolitan and the suburban mountain areas. Hydrological records and high resolution digital elevation data in the study areas will be collected to develop the topographic structure of the watershed for distributed runoff simulation. In the first-year project (2016-2017), the simulation will focus on considering the spatial variety of topography and land use conditions. A spatial distribution of the roughness coefficient will be proposed to reflect the variability of the inherent ground roughness condition and water depth from upstream to downstream. In the second-year project (2017-2018), we will investigate the difference of runoff using the kinematic-wave and diffusion-wave approaches. In the meantime, we will also investigate the dispersion of flow by using the single-flow-direction algorithm and the multiple-flow-direction method to realize the difference of the resulted peak discharge in these approaches. In the third-year project (2018-2019), to reduce the runoff peak from the suburban mountain areas, a detention basin routing method will be developed to link with the runoff model to simulate the attenuation of runoff hydrograph for disaster management. Moreover, the results obtained in this study will be conjugate to the integrated project for practical disaster prevention works."

Keyword(s)

分佈式逕流演算模式
零慣性波演算
運動波演算
曼寧糙度
洪峰消減
Distributed runoff model
Non-inertia wave routing
Kinematic wave routing
Manning’s roughness
Flood peak attenuation

DSpace CRIS

Scenario Simulation and Disaster Management for Concentrated Runoff from Suburban Mountain Areas under Severe Weather Conditions

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