Integrated Watershed and Channel Hydrological Response Function for Flood Disaster Management and Forecast (I)

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基本資料

Project title

Code/計畫編號

MOST109-2625-M019-003-MY2

Translated Name/計畫中文名

頭前溪流域洪水機率預報與洪災管理之研究-集水區與河道整合式水文反應函數應用於洪水災害管理與預警(子計畫四)

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Kwan-Tun Lee

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

Department of Harbor and River Engineering

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=13534901

Year

2020

Start date/計畫起

01-08-2020

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-07-2021

Bugetid/研究經費

990千元

ResearchField/研究領域

防災工程

高強度降雨的發生與漸趨頻繁的洪水事件，已對世界各地居民之生活環境、城鎮規劃、經濟體系以及防洪設施帶來重大之衝擊，台灣地區每年遭受颱風侵襲或暴雨掠奪的次數，更甚於世界上大多數國家，乃需更謹慎與縝密地思量各項因應措施，以嚴防洪氾災害。有鑑於此，災害管理與預警系統之建置，以供政府相關單位研擬防洪減災措施，實乃刻不容緩之要務。一般用以評估防災預警系統執行性能的三項重要依據，分別為提供預報資訊的時效性、模擬計算的穩定性以及模擬結果之準確性，因此，本研究計畫之宗旨乃在於提昇上述三項指標。研究計畫中擬選用較為便捷之物理型水文模式進行銜接整合，以避免數值水理模式在計算過程中可能發生之數值發散情形，藉此提昇模式之穩定性與時效性，並藉由各項地文與水文因子之考量，以確切模擬集水區之水文歷線反應，此外，本研究計畫擬發展逕流即時校正之技術，並配合水文觀測資料的回傳，以確保逕流預測之精度。本計畫第一年度(2019 – 2020)之研究工作擬將運動波-地貌瞬時單位歷線模式與線性河渠演算模式進行銜接，並針對渠道之脈衝反應函數進行改良，使其能反應河道地文條件於空間上之差異性以及水力參數之時變性。第二年度之(2020 – 2021)研究工作擬藉由即時水文觀測資料之取得，設法針對次集水區之瞬時單位歷線以及渠道之脈衝反應函數進行調整，藉此校正各指定點之逕流模擬歷線。第三年度之(2021 – 2022)研究工作擬以一集水區為案例，藉由流域分區處理方式以及模組之銜接演算，以執行全流域之逕流模擬分析，藉此評估模式之整體性能，並提供必要之改善；此外，本研究計畫將配合總計畫之運作考量，擬銜接子計畫所提供之設計降雨資料，並將整合模式之河川流量模擬結果，提供給其他子計畫進行淹水潛勢分析與洪災管理應用。 The occurrence of high-intensity rainfall and frequent flash floods have resulted in a major impact on the living environment, urban planning, economic system, and flood control facilities of residents around the world. The hitting of typhoons or torrential rains in Taiwan every year is even worse in comparison to most of the countries of the world, hence more careful and thorough consideration for various response measures is needed to alleviate flood disaster. In view of this, the establishment of disaster management and flood warning systems is an urgent task for the government units to propose flood mitigation measures. The three important bases used to evaluate the performance of a real-time flood warning system are the efficiency of providing prediction, the stability during calculation and the accuracy of the simulation results, respectively. Therefore, the purpose of this research project is to achieve the above three goals. In this research project, the more convenient approaches with physical concept will be chosen and integrated to avoid the problem of numerical oscillation that may occur during the calculation process when the numerical schemes are applied, thereby improving the model stability and efficiency; a variety of geomorphological and hydrological factors will be considered in the model to adequately derive hydrological responses. In addition, this study plans to develop a technique for real-time runoff updating, and link with the hydrological observation data to ensure the accuracy of runoff prediction. The research work of the first-year project (2019 – 2020) intends to link the kinematic-wave-based geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph (KW-GIUH) model with the linear channel routing (LCR) model, and the channel impulse response function will be modified to reflect the spatial difference of river conditions and the time variation of the hydraulic parameters. In the second year (2020 – 2021), the research work intends to adjust the instantaneous unit hydrographs of sub-watersheds and the impulse response functions of channel reach by means of the acquisition of real-time hydrological observation data, in order to correct the runoff simulation result at each designated location. In the third year (2021 – 2022), a natural watershed will be selected as an example to perform the runoff simulation of the whole basin through the area-partition treatment of watershed and the executing of the proposed integrated model. In addition, to meet the main objective of the integrated project, the model developed in this research project will be linked with the information of design rainfall provided by another sub-project, and will further provide the simulation results of streamflow for other sub-projects for the analysis of potential flooding and the application of flood management.

Keyword(s)

洪災管理系統
線性河渠演算模式
脈衝反應函數
即時逕流校正
Flood disaster management system
linear channel routing
impulse response function
real-time runoff updating

DSpace CRIS

Integrated Watershed and Channel Hydrological Response Function for Flood Disaster Management and Forecast (I)

基本資料

Description