Sustainable utilization of copepod resting egg resources in different climate regions: spatial and temporal distribution, and dormancy mechanisms under changing environment(1/5)

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

MOST109-2636-M019-001

Translated Name/計畫中文名

不同氣候帶間橈足類休眠卵資源之永續利用：環境變遷下休眠卵庫之時空分布及休眠生理機制之探討(1/5)

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Yen-Ju Pan

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

Department of Aquaculture

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=13602151

Year

2020

Start date/計畫起

01-09-2020

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-08-2021

Bugetid/研究經費

2660千元

ResearchField/研究領域

海洋科學

"橈足類為一群種類繁多且分佈廣泛的甲殼類浮游動物，其體形微小且富含營養，在天然(如：河口)及人工(如：養殖池)水域生態系之食物鏈皆扮演重要的角色，因此，對於漁業資源及生產具有高度的影響力。在不利的環境下，橈足類會調節其生理機制促成休眠卵的產生，休眠卵會沉積於底泥形成卵庫，這樣的休眠機制為橈足類帶來了一重要生態策略，使其在度過逆境之後孵化，快速的恢復族群。此外，休眠卵亦可在水產養殖池中被孵化，提供給水產動物幼體當作開口餌料。橈足類休眠卵之生理生態學研究具有高度學術及應用價值，然而，受制於有限的研究方法，不同生態系統中休眠卵庫的資源，及橈足類胚胎休眠之生理調控機制仍存有許多未解的謎團，所以，相關的研究近年成為全球重視的議題。本五年期計畫將包括兩個研究主軸: ( i ) 環境中休眠卵庫之資源調查：探討不同環境因子 (水文、水質、沈積底泥、氣候) 對於溫帶 (法國北部)、亞熱帶及熱帶 (臺灣北部及南部) 河口及水產養殖池內橈足類休眠卵之產量，及卵庫時空分布的影響，不同氣候帶間休眠卵庫內之物種組成、豐度、孵化特性、卵殼形態及胚胎滯育之階段將會被分析比較；另外，透過標本收集及文獻回顧，本計畫也將針對具有胚胎休眠機制之橈足類物種，建構DNA條碼(DNA barcode)資料庫，並將其運用於各水域休眠卵庫之分子鑑種及親緣演化關係之研究。( ii ) 休眠生理機制研究：本計畫將培養不同氣候帶（台灣和法國）之代表性橈足類物種 (包括：Acartia bilobata、Pseudodiaptomus annandalei、Eurytemora affinis及Acartia tonsa) 作為模式生物，在實驗室中人工誘導休眠卵之產生，並對不同種類之休眠卵（diapause及quiescence）進行轉錄組、生化成分及胚胎發育學的研究，綜合比較在環境變遷下，不同橈足類物種是如何調整生理機制來啟動、維持及終止胚胎的休眠。綜合本研究的結果，我們期望對於水域生態系統之管理提供建議，而達到休眠卵資源在天然及人工水域環境中的永續利用。" "Copepods play important roles in aquatic food webs. These small crustaceans provide nutritional advantages and size suitability as prey to aquatic larvae, thus have significant impacts on fishery resources in both natural and aquaculture ecosystems. Embryonic dormancy (resting egg) is an ecological strategy for copepods to overcome environmental adversities. The resting eggs form an “egg bank” in the sediment, and the offspring hatch to repopulate the zooplankton community when the environment become favorable. On the other hand, the resting eggs in the aquaculture ponds could be incubated to obtain newly hatched nauplii as live feeds for larviculture. The copepod embryonic dormancy has been of scientific and application interests. However, the interaction of resting eggs to their surroundings and the physiological mechanisms of embryonic dormancy are not fully understood due to the lack of methodology. This 5-year project will consist of two sections: ( i ) resting egg resources in the environment: to investigate the effects of environmental factors (hydrology, water and sediment qualities) on resting egg production, and their spatial and temporal distribution in the estuarine and aquaculture systems in temperate (northern France), sub-tropical and tropical (northern and southern Taiwan) regions. The species composition, abundance, hatching characteristic, chorion surface morphology and embryonic stage of the resting eggs will be determined, and the results from different climate regions will be comparatively analyzed. A DNA barcode library of the resting-egg-producing copepod species will be constructed by specimen collection and literature review, and it will be used for resting egg molecular taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis; ( ii ) mechanisms of copepod egg dormancy: four copepod species (Acartia bilobata, Pseudodiaptomus annandalei, Eurytemora affinis and Acartia tonsa) will be selected as experimental models, placed in cultures and artificially induced resting eggs productions. Their embryogenesis, biochemical characteristics and transcriptomes will be studied to allow us to understand how the copepods from different climatic regions regulate physiological mechanisms to initiate, maintain and terminate egg dormancy under changing environment. The results of the project are expected to provide recommendations for environmental management to sustain the utilization of resting egg resources in the natural and artificial aquatic ecosystems."

Keyword(s)

橈足類
休眠卵庫
時空分佈
休眠機制
資源永續利用
copepod
resting egg bank
spatial and temporal distribution
dormancy mechanism
sustainable utilization

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Sustainable utilization of copepod resting egg resources in different climate regions: spatial and temporal distribution, and dormancy mechanisms under changing environment(1/5)

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