Airport Pricing with Cost, Dmand and Market Consideration

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基本資料

Project title

Code/計畫編號

NSC102-2221-E019-035-MY3

Translated Name/計畫中文名

考慮成本、需求與市場因素的機場定價

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Jin-Ru Yen

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

Department of Shipping and Transportation Management

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=8107574

Year

2014

Start date/計畫起

01-08-2014

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-07-2015

Bugetid/研究經費

987千元

ResearchField/研究領域

交通運輸

"一般而言機場營運收入分為航空相關與非航空相關兩部分。其中，降落費是機場的主要航空收入來源。目前全球多數機場之降落費皆以最大起飛重量(MTOW)或最大降落重量(MLW)為計費基準。然而，這些以飛機重量計價的定價方法較少理論的依據。學理上，許多學者已發展出不同的定價方法，如平均成本定價法，邊際成本定價法和萊姆西定價法等。邊際成本定價法因為可以使得消費者剩餘和生產者剩餘最大，所以又被稱為「最佳定價法」。邊際成本定價法適用於機場的尖峰時段定價，而萊姆西定價法適用於機場的離峰時段。隨著過去十年航空運量的成長，全球多數機場的擁擠問題也越來越嚴重。臺灣桃園國際機場是臺灣的門戶機場，也同樣受到尖峰擁擠的問題所苦。本研究使用邊際成本定價來計算臺灣桃園國際機場尖峰時段的降落費。研究結果顯示在尖峰時段以邊際成本定價比以重量計價高出許多。本研究設定了三個擁擠的水準做為邊際成本定價的標準。機場當局可以從三個擁擠水準中選擇與實際情況相同的邊際成本作為尖峰時段的定價標準。 ""Generally, airport authority has two revenue sources: one is aeronautical and the other is non-aeronautical. Landing fees are the main source of the aeronautical revenue. Weight-based pricing is the most popular standard among airports, which usually charges airlines according to the maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) or maximum landing weight (MLW). Despite so, the weight-based pricings have few theoretical bases. There are various airport pricing methods proposed to charge landing fees in the academic field, such as average cost pricing, marginal cost pricing, and Ramsey pricing, etc. The marginal cost is also called “first best pricing” because it maximizes the sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus. Marginal cost pricing is suitable for airports during peak periods, while Ramsey pricing is suitable for off peak periods. Due to the traffic growth in the last decade, congestion is growing into a severe issue at many airports. As the gate airport of Taiwan, Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport (TPE) also suffers from congestion during its peak periods. The marginal cost pricing model is applied in this paper to estimate the landing fees during peak periods at TPE. The results show that marginal cost pricing is much more costly than weight-based pricing during peak periods. Therefore, this study sets three congestion levels for marginal cost pricing. The authority can adjust the marginal cost pricing according to the varying local congestion levels. "

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Airport Pricing with Cost, Dmand and Market Consideration

基本資料

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