Diversity of Fungi Asscoiated with Deep-Sea Crustaceans (II-III)

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簡歷

基本資料

Project title

Code/計畫編號

MOST109-2621-B019-001

Translated Name/計畫中文名

深海甲殼類動物體表真菌之多樣性研究之二/三

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Ka-Lai Pang

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Co-Investigator(s)/共同執行人

楊倩惠

Department/Unit

Institute of Marine Biology

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=13531375

Year

2020

Start date/計畫起

01-08-2020

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-07-2021

Co-Investigator(s)

Chien-Hui Yang
Tin-Yam Chan

Bugetid/研究經費

1000千元

ResearchField/研究領域

生物科學

本研究將延續進行中之一年期科技部計畫「深海甲殼類動物體表真菌之多樣性研究」。在長手隆背蟹(Carcinoplax longimana)、紅星梭子蟹(Portunus sanguinolentus)及烏龜怪方蟹(Xenograpsus testudinatus)上可發現高多樣性的子囊菌及擔子菌，主要為肉座菌目(Hypocreales)、格孢菌目(Pleosporales)、炭角菌目(Xylariales)及毛孢子菌目(Trichosporonales)真菌。其中有些屬於海洋菌種如喜多氏麴黴(Aspergillus sydowii)、海洋翅孢殼菌(Emericellopsis maritima)、威尼克外瓶黴(Hortaea werneckii)及哈氏木黴菌(Trichoderma harzianum)，其他多為陸生真菌種。其中也有侍機性致病真菌如喜多氏麴黴、膠紅酵母菌(Rhodotorula mucilaginosa)及赭球黴(Ochroconis spp.)。當比較長手隆背蟹、紅星梭子蟹及烏龜怪方蟹上之真菌多樣性，可發現在紅星梭子蟹及烏龜怪方蟹上發現四種相同真菌，而從長手隆背蟹所分離出之真菌與其他兩種蟹類上之真菌皆不相同。在這三種蟹類所分離出之真菌也常分離自海洋沉積物，包括子囊菌中的威尼克外瓶黴、檸檬黃青黴(Penicillium citrinum)、哈氏木黴菌、Roussoella solani、山地炭團菌(Hypoxylon monticulosum)、Peroneutypa scoparia；以及擔子菌中的Chondrostereum sp.、粗糙春孔菌(Earliella scabrosa)、膠紅酵母菌，顯示在海洋沉積物與蟹類上有許多相同的真菌。這同時也部份證實了「與深海甲殼類動物共生之真菌為海洋沉積物真菌多樣性來源之一」，然而我們需要採集更多不同的螃蟹來完全證實此假說。因此本計畫將：(1) 以培養及非培養方式調查深海甲殼類上真菌之多樣性；(2) 比較深海甲殼類與海洋沉積物之真菌多樣性。預期共研究18種甲殼類生物上真菌之多樣性，包括須赤蝦、長角鬥士赤對蝦、密毛鬚蝦、彎角膜對蝦、高脊管鞭蝦、大管鞭蝦、日本玻璃蝦、東方異腕蝦、雄偉紅蝦、九齒扇蝦、雙斑蟳、武士蟳、擁劍梭子蟹、紅星梭子蟹、多槳扁蛛蟹、長手隆背蟹、臺灣橙蝦蛄及尖刺糙蝦蛄。 This project is a continuation of our one-year MOST project (MOST 108-2621-B-019 -001-) on the diversity of fungi on deep-sea crustacean. On the crabs Carcinoplax longimana, Portunus sanguinolentus and Xenograpsus testudinatus, a high diversity of the Ascomycota and the Basidiomycota was obtained with the Hypocreales, Pleosporales, and Trichosporonales as the dominant orders. Some of the fungi isolated were considered marine (e.g. Aspergillus sydowii, Emericellopsis maritima, Hortaea werneckii, Trichoderma harzianum) while the rest was regarded as terrestrial taxa. Potential pathogenic fungi were cultured, including Aspergillus sydowii, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Ochroconis spp. Comparing the fungal diversity between .C. longimana, P. sanguinolentus and X. testudinatus, four common fungal species were found between P. sanguinolentus and X. testudinatus. Surprisingly, the fungi isolated C. longimana were unique and there were no common species between this species and the other two crabs. Many species on these three crabs were also isolated from the marine sediments, including the Ascomycota (Hortaea werneckii, Penicillium citrinum, Trichoderma harzianum, Roussoella solani, Hypoxylon monticulosum, Peroneutypa scoparia) and the Basidiomycota (Chondrostereum sp., Earliella scabrosa, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa), suggesting there are quite a number of common species between marine crabs and sediments. This partially gives some hints to our hypothesis that ‘Fungi associated with deep-sea crustaceans maintain a stable inoculum of fungal propagules in the marine sediment.’ but fungal diversity from more crab species will help to confirm this hypothesis. Therefore, the objectives of this project are: (1) to investigate the diversity of fungi associated with deep-sea crustaceans through isolation and metabarcoding analysis, and (2) to correlate the diversity of fungi associated with deep-sea crustaceans and marine sediment. A total of 18 species of crustacean species (Metapenaeopsis barbata, M. provocatoria longirostris, Aristeus virilis, Hymenopenaeus aequalis, Solenocera alticarinata, S. melantho, Pasiphaea japonica, Heterocarpus sibogae, Plesionika grandis, Ibacus novemdentatus, Charybdis bimaculata, C. miles, Portunus hannii, P. sanguinolentus, Platymaia remifera, Carcinoplax longimana, Faughnia formosae and Kempina Mikado) will be investigated. This is the first comprehensive study of fungi associated with deep-sea crabs and the results of this study will enhance our understanding on the relationships between fungi and deep-sea crustancean and further if these fungi could cause diseases of these animals. At least three papers will be produced from the results of the study, including a review and a metadata paper and we are currently preparing two manuscripts for publication. A total of 500+ fungal cultures will be obtained in this study and will be kept at National Taiwan Ocean University. These cultures will be screened for their potent bioactivity, such as anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancerous activities, in the future.

Keyword(s)

深海真菌
海洋真菌
多樣性
深海螃蟹
深海甲殼類
病原真菌
分離法
高通量定序
生物活性化合物
deep-sea fungi
marine fungi
diversity
deep-sea crabs
pathogenic fungi
deep-sea crustaceans
isolation
metabarcoding
bioactivity screening

DSpace CRIS

Diversity of Fungi Asscoiated with Deep-Sea Crustaceans (II-III)

基本資料

Description