Preparation of Chitin and Chitosan by Porositized Pretreatment and Biological Methods

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

MOST109-2320-B019-006

Translated Name/計畫中文名

以多孔化預處理和生物法製備幾丁質和幾丁聚醣

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Min-Lang Tsai

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

Department of Food Science

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=13542717

Year

2020

Start date/計畫起

01-08-2020

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-07-2021

Bugetid/研究經費

950千元

ResearchField/研究領域

食品科技(農)

目前商業化生產幾丁質幾丁聚醣幾乎都是使用化學法，優點為反應速率快、產物純度高，但對環境不友善。生物法對環境友善，但卻有反應速率慢、產物純度低的缺點。本研究擬建立兼顧產品品質、生產效率和對環境友善的多孔化預處理(冷凍解凍循環、氣爆膨發和擠壓)和生物法製備幾丁質幾丁聚醣的方法。另外，以多孔化預處理加上高靜水壓加工(HHPP)，促使幾丁質能溶解在去離子水、弱酸鹼的水溶劑中，有利於幾丁質去乙醯酶(CDA)對幾丁質行均相的去乙醯化。本研究擬分成三年進行，如下：第一年，擬以多孔化預處理對蝦殼和魷魚軟骨作用，使之形成多孔性結構，增加反應表面積，再利用微生物法製備α和β-幾丁質，建立具可行性、環境友善的幾丁質製備方法。第二年，擬以多孔化預處理對α和β-幾丁質作用，使之形成多孔性結構，增加反應表面積，再以CDA進行去乙醯化，建立具可行性、環境友善、非均相的(heterogeneous)幾丁聚醣製備方法。第三年，多孔化α和β-幾丁質，於不同溶劑(去離子水、1%醋酸、1% NaOH)中進行HHPP，使之溶解，得到幾丁質溶液。之後，再利用CDA進行去乙醯化製備幾丁聚醣。另外，將幾丁質溶液加入CDA後，以HHPP作用，提升CDA的反應速率，建立均相的(homogeneous)製備幾丁聚醣的方法。At present, almost all commercial chitin and chitosan are manufactured by chemical method, which has the advantages of fast reaction rate and high product purity, but this method is environment-unfriendly. Biological method is environment-friendly, but which has the disadvantages of slow reaction rate and low product purity. This study intends to establish a method for preparing chitin and chitosan by porositized pretreatment (freezing and thawing cycle, gas explosion and extrusion) and biological methods considering product quality, production efficiency and environmental protection. In addition, the porositized pretreatment combined with high hydrostatic pressure processing (HHPP) promotes the chitin to dissolve in deionized water, weak acid and base aqueous solvent systems, which is beneficial for chitin deacetylase (CDA) to carry out homogeneous deacetylation. The proposal is scheduled to conduct for 3 years, as follows:1st year: The shrimp shell and squid pen will be porositized pretreatment to form a porous structure, increase the reaction surface area, and then the α and β-chitin will prepare with microbial method. To establish a feasible and environment-friendly method for preparing chitin.2nd year: The α and β-chitin will be porositized pretreatment to form a porous structure, increase the reaction surface area, and then the chitosan will prepare with CDA. To establish a feasible and environment-friendly method for heterogeneous preparing chitosan.3rd year: The chitin aqueous solutions will obtain through the porous α and β-chitins suspend in different solvents (deionized water, 1% acetic acid, 1% NaOH) and treat with HHPP. Then, the chitin solutions will be treated with CDA or CDA + HHPP to produce chitosan. The homogeneous preparing chitosan method will be established.

Keyword(s)

蝦殼
魷魚軟骨
幾丁質
幾丁聚醣
冷凍解凍循環
氣爆膨發
擠壓
高靜水壓加工
乳酸菌
芽孢桿菌
幾丁質去乙醯酶
Shrimp shell
Squid pen
Chitin
Chitosan
Freeze-thaw cycle
Explosive puffing
Extrusion
High hydrostatic pressure processing
Lactobacillus sp.
Bacillus sp.
Chitin deacetylase

DSpace CRIS

Preparation of Chitin and Chitosan by Porositized Pretreatment and Biological Methods

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