Ecological and Physiological Adaptions and Biodiversity Studies of Hydrothermal Vent Organisims at Kueishantao(I)

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

MOST107-2621-M019-001

Translated Name/計畫中文名

龜山島海底熱泉生物的生理生態適應與生物歧異度研究(I)

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Jiang-Shiou Hwang

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

Institute of Marine Biology

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=12675600

Year

2018

Start date/計畫起

01-08-2018

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-07-2019

Bugetid/研究經費

1688千元

ResearchField/研究領域

大氣科學

本整合型研究計畫主要探討議題為E. 海陸互動與海岸變遷；研究主題為E.3. 島嶼與海岸棲地與海洋資源的保育、復育與生態系功能維護；各研究子計畫三年的研究方向及範圍涵蓋下列六個主要項目：1.海岸棲地與生態系功能評估與分析。2.建立海岸特殊物種棲地的保護策略，提升棲地復育之比例。3.近岸海洋資源的保育與復育策略。4.近岸與遠洋資源的現況與動態分析。5.海洋暖化、海平面上昇、海流改變及酸化對近岸海洋資源的衝擊與評估。6.應用近海環境生態之數值模式，推估環境生態受人為活動及氣候變化之可能變化，並探討近海環境生態之變化趨勢及可能原因，進而評估生態健康狀態及其回復力(resilience)，探討海洋、海岸生態系統功能維護行動準則與策略。總主持人及各分支計畫主持人共七人所組成的大型研究團隊成員約50人在未來三年內所將執行的項目包括項目1、2、3、4、5和6之內容。各子計畫三年內之研究方向與範圍及所執行之項目皆涵蓋了永續會認定之議題、研究主題與研究方向E3的全部項目，詳見總主持人群體計畫書及各子計畫之計畫書。子計畫一摘要：本研究之進行時間擬從2018年8月到2021年7月期間，同時進行野外採樣與現場研究、實驗室研究與分析。研究主要探討高溫與低酸鹼度海水對於：(一) 龜山島淺海熱泉區烏龜怪方蟹之生理適應機制。研究重點在於探索高溫與低酸鹼度熱泉水如何影響烏龜怪方蟹的生理生態適應，以測線研究與異地移植實驗進行體內酵素的差異性比較；並利用熱泉水環境探索烏龜怪方蟹的嗅覺與視覺以及其它感官系統對於覓食、群聚等行為的影響。(二) 熱泉水對周圍浮游動物與橈足類的毒性反應與致死反應的研究。(三) 利用太空遙測的衛星影像資料，配合地理資訊系統的計算，探討龜山島熱泉活動的歷史演變以及對熱泉週邊生物的影響。(四) 持續分析長期龜山島浮游動物年間與季節間研究主題，追蹤分析周圍海域浮游動物的長期變動趨勢，建立長期生態資料庫，配合日後全球暖化與海洋酸化議題，瞭解該海域受到的衝擊與影響程度。本研究將增加我們對熱泉區主要熱泉生物尤其是烏龜怪方蟹與海域浮游動物之適應機制、生理反應與生態結構變遷的瞭解，研究結果將對瞭解熱泉區生物之生態與生理適應機制以及熱泉對週邊海洋生物歧異度的影響有更進一步的貢獻。最終目標為達成臺灣在熱泉生物的研究之領先地位。 The study aims to investigate the areas near shallow water hydrothermal vents (HV) at Kueishantao (KST), off the northeast coast of Taiwan (west Pacific) with field sampling, laboratory research, analysis and publication of the results obtained during the period from August 2018 to July 2021. The theme of the present study focuses on the effects of high temperature and low pH water at HVs on: (1) Physiological adaptation mechanism of shallow HV crabs (Xenograpsus testudinatus), particularly on how high-temperature and low pH affects physiological adaptations of crabs, comparing differences of enzyme activities in the body by transplanting crabs to areas outside the vents; and how olfaction and vision influences the foraging behavior of crabs at HVs; (2) Ecotoxicological tolerance of zooplankton and copepods, and HV water influence on mortality and physiological responses; (3) Using images from space and remote sensing satellite, combined with data from geographic information system programs, and tracking the historical evolution of the HVs at KST; (4) a continuation of the past study of KI zooplankton research issues, collecting zooplankton samples in the surrounding of KST waters, and establishing a long-term ecological database. This is to trace the impact and connection of global issues of global warming and ocean acidification at different regions of KST for a better understanding of the future ocean and global change biology. The present study will provide a better understanding of the adaptation mechanisms, physiological responses, and ecological structural changes of crabs (X. testudinatus) and zooplankton in the HV area of KST and its surroundings. The research results contribute to the knowledge and understanding of ecology, behavior, adaptation, physiology, and hydrobiology of the biota at the shallow HVs of KST. Particularly, the issue of impact of hydrothermal vent plumes on the biodiversity. We try to promote the shallow water hydrothermal vent research in Taiwan as one of the leading countries of the world.

Keyword(s)

海底熱泉
海洋資源
全球暖化
海水酸化
棲地保育
生物多樣性
生物資源
永續發展
Hydrothermal vents
Marine resources
Global warming
Ocean acidification
Habitat conservation
Biodiversity
Bio-resources
Sustainable development

DSpace CRIS

Ecological and Physiological Adaptions and Biodiversity Studies of Hydrothermal Vent Organisims at Kueishantao(I)

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