Ecological and Physiological Adaptions and Transplantation Studies of Hydrothermal Vent Organisims at Kueishantao(III)

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基本資料

Project title

Code/計畫編號

MOST109-2621-M019-002

Translated Name/計畫中文名

以獨特海底熱泉生態系跨領域探索全球變遷，永續發展與未來海洋-龜山島海底熱泉生物的生理生態適應與生物移植研究(子計畫一)(III)

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Jiang-Shiou Hwang

Funding Organization/主管機關

National Science and Technology Council

Department/Unit

Institute of Marine Biology

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=13531801

Year

2020

Start date/計畫起

01-08-2020

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-07-2021

Bugetid/研究經費

1683千元

ResearchField/研究領域

大氣科學

本整合型研究計畫主要探討議題為 F. 海洋資源保育；研究主題為海洋資源保育；各研究子計畫三年的研究方向及範圍涵蓋下列五個主要項目：1. 海洋(生物、能源、空間、遊憩等)資源/生態系與人文社會現況及問題評析2. 海洋資源/生態系與自然環境(如物理、化學與生態)及人文社會(如經濟、文化、原住民族)變遷之跨領域協同研究3. 海洋資源/生態系與社會(如利害關係人)需求暨人為開發衝擊(如污染、過漁)之關連性研究4. 海洋資源/生態系、社會需求與各項資源保育政策(如海洋保護區、禁漁區等)之整合(如定性、定量和人工智慧等)分析與情境模擬5. 海洋資源/生態系統變遷對海洋資源之衝擊、脆弱度評估與跨層級治理策略總主持人及各分支計畫主持人共9人所組成的大型研究團隊成員約50人在未來三年內所將執行的項目包括項目1-6之內容。各子計畫三年內之研究方向與範圍及所執行之項目皆涵蓋了永續會認定之議題、研究主題與研究方向 F 的全部項目，詳見總主持人群體計畫書及各子計畫之計畫書。本團隊於 2018-2019 年間以龜山島熱泉水域的研究成果一共發表了 20 篇科學性的學術報告。接續前一年執行的研究工作，本計劃書之進行研究時間擬從2020年8月到2023年7月三年期間，同時進行野外採樣與現場研究、實驗室研究與分析。研究主要探討高溫與低酸鹼度海水對於：(一) 龜山島淺海熱泉區烏龜怪方蟹之生理適應機制。研究重點在於探索高溫與低酸鹼度熱泉水如何影響烏龜怪方蟹的生理生態適應，以測線研究與異地移植實驗進行體內酵素的差異性比較；並利用熱泉水環境探索烏龜怪方蟹的嗅覺與視覺以及其它感官系統對於覓食、群聚等行為的影響。(二) 龜山島熱泉區底棲動物多樣性生態研究以及龜山島周圍水域之共生系統多樣性生態研究。(三) 石珊瑚於熱泉區與非熱泉區之適應機制探討，計畫將珊瑚移植進入熱泉區，再移植回到於來的龜尾生長地，觀察珊瑚株在熱泉水的影響下，其生理、生化與生存機制是否受到影響，探討石珊瑚的適應機制，了解未來海洋酸化後對珊瑚礁生態系的可能衝擊。(四) 持續分析長期龜山島浮游動物年間與季節間研究主題，追蹤分析周圍海域浮游動物的長期變動趨勢，建立長期生態資料庫，配合日後全球暖化與海洋酸化議題，瞭解該海域受到的衝擊與影響程度。最終目標為達成臺灣在熱泉生物的研究之領先地位。 Continuing the research work that has been started in the past few years, our team published a total of 20 scientific reports in 2018-2019 with the research results of hydrothermal vents in Kuishantao. It includes articles on hydrothermal vent environments, chemistry of thermal vent sediment, biology of thermal vent dominant crabs, biodiversity of thermal vent habitat, and applications of thermal vent microbes. Following the research work carried out in the previous year, this study aims to investigate the areas near shallow water hydrothermal vents (HV) at Kueishantao (KST), off the northeast coast of Taiwan (west Pacific) with field sampling, laboratory research, analysis and publication of the results obtained during the period from August 2020 to July 2023. The theme of the present study focuses on the effects of high temperature and low pH water at HVs on: (1) Physiological adaptation mechanism of shallow HV crabs (Xenograpsus testudinatus), particularly on how high-temperature and low pH affects physiological adaptations of crabs, comparing differences of enzyme activities in the body by transplanting crabs to areas outside the vents; and how olfaction and vision influences the foraging behavior of crabs at HVs; (2) Study on the diversity ecology of benthic fauna in the HV area of KST and the diversity ecology of symbiotic organisms in the waters around KST; (3) The adaptation mechanism of stony corals in HV and non-HV areas, the plan is to transplant the stony corals into the HV area and then transplant them back to the non-HV area. Study of physiological, biochemical and survival;mechanisms of coral colonies affected by the HV water and understanding the adaptation mechanism of stony corals, and understanding the possible impact on coral reef ecosystems facing ocean acidification and thermal impact in the future; (4) A continuation of the past study of KST zooplankton research issues, collecting zooplankton samples in the surrounding of KST waters, and establishing a long-term ecological database. This is to trace the impact and connection of global issues of global warming and ocean acidification at different regions of KST for a better understanding of the future ocean and global change biology. The present study will provide a better understanding of the adaptation mechanisms, physiological responses, and ecological structural changes of crabs (X. testudinatus) and zooplankton in the HV area of KST and its surroundings. The research results contribute to the knowledge and understanding of ecology, behavior, adaptation, physiology, and hydrobiology of the biota at the shallow HVs of KST. Particularly, the issue of impact of hydrothermal vent’ plumes on the biodiversity. We try to promote the shallow water hydrothermal vent research in Taiwan to become a leading country in this field of research worldwide.

Keyword(s)

海底熱泉
海洋資源
全球暖化
海水酸化
棲地保育
生物多樣性
生物資源
永續發展
Hydrothermal vents
Marine resources
Global warming
Ocean acidification
Habitat conservation
Biodiversity
Bio-resource
Sustainable development

DSpace CRIS

Ecological and Physiological Adaptions and Transplantation Studies of Hydrothermal Vent Organisims at Kueishantao(III)

基本資料

Description