Analysis of Catch Data and Fisheries Oceanography for Precious Coral Fishery in Taiwan

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

102農科-11.2.1-漁-F2(3)

Translated Name/計畫中文名

寶石珊瑚漁業漁獲資料分析及漁場調查研究

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Chih-Shin Chen

Funding Organization/主管機關

Council of Agriculture,Executive Yuan

Co-Investigator(s)/共同執行人

鄭明修

Department/Unit

Institute of Marine Affairs and Resource Management

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=2926979

Year

2013

Start date/計畫起

01-03-2013

Expected Completion/計畫迄

01-12-2013

Bugetid/研究經費

1437千元

ResearchField/研究領域

漁業

計畫目標寶石珊瑚漁業，因目標物種為固著性生物(Sessile animals)，且具高商業價值，使其漁業經營頗受爭議。自中世紀起，寶石珊瑚即被視為護身符或製成珠寶，並有商業開發。但珊瑚為固著性動物，提供海洋生態系棲息或避敵功能。此類資源開發，除思考寶石珊瑚提供人類之文化價值外，亦應確保其族群結構及其生態系統功能之永續。臺灣寶石珊瑚漁業發展已有80餘年，政府在2009年1月實施「寶石珊瑚漁業管理辦法」，以維持資源族群結構及生態功能為管理目標。在資源狀態尚不清楚下，希望以嚴格之管理與稽查措施達成資源永續之目標。此外，亦規畫漁業資料收集與族群生物研究計畫，在科學探測仍有技術性困難的階段，透過漁業採樣獲得資源與生態資料。本研究自2009年1月開始蒐集並建立寶石珊瑚漁業之漁獲統計資料，已初步瞭解漁業作業及物種組成之時空間分布型態；完成主要寶石珊瑚物種之鑑定與形態描述，並對寶石珊瑚生態系有初步瞭解，但此資料之建立與探察仍應繼續。本年度研究擬解決問題有：(1)分析寶石珊瑚漁業之漁獲努力量、漁獲量及資源豐度之時空分布，並比較不同年間之結果；(2)分析目標物種之族群參數，混獲物種組成，及對環境之影響；(3)維護並更新漁獲統計資料庫。重要工作項目 A.寶石珊瑚漁業資料分析 1.分析2009-2012年寶石珊瑚漁業漁獲量(物種別及商業規格別)及漁獲努力量之時間變化趨勢，及空間分布型態。 2.分析主要漁獲物種(活枝)之空間分布型態。 3.分析漁船作業報表與到岸量之差異，並探討可能原因。 4.持續彙整2013年寶石珊瑚漁業漁獲統計資料，建立電子資料檔及資料檢核。 B.寶石珊瑚漁業生物資料分析 1.鑑定漁業對象之寶石珊瑚物種。 2.鑑定及分析混獲物種，並據以評估對環境影響。 3.隨漁船出海作業，調查漁船作業情形，且搜集標本協助採樣鑑定。 4.持續測量漁獲珊瑚大小體長，以推估受影響的漁獲年齡，以及瞭解族群結構。預期效益 (1)瞭解寶石珊瑚漁業漁獲努力量及資源豐度之時空間變動型態； (2)瞭解寶石珊瑚物種之空間分布型態。 (3)瞭解寶石珊瑚物種形態及分子生物學特徵；同域他種深海珊瑚受漁業影響程度。 (4)比較不同漁區寶石珊瑚族群結構。 (5)更新(2012年)並維護漁獲統計資料庫。 The fishery for precious coral is arguable for it targeted on sessile animals and of high commercial value. Precious corals have been harvested and used as medicines, amulets, and jewellery since ancient times. Nevertheless, precious corals, being sessile, may serve key function in marine ecosystems they involved. It is essential to consider the sustainability not only the population structure of the exploited species, but also its functions in the ecosystem when exploitation of such marine resources. The development of Taiwanese precious coral fishery (TPCF) has been for at least eight decades. The regulations for TPCF was amended and promulgated in January 2009 which aimed at sustaining population structure and ecosystem functions. Although the status of exploited stock of precious corals lack of scientific information, the objectives of sustainable population are expected to achieve by rigorous enforcement and penalty. The scientific studies of precious corals were conducted since 2009. We applied catch data to understand the spatial and temporal pattern of fishing activities and catch composition. We also described and identified <I>Paracorallium japonicum</I> and <I>Corallium konojoi</I> from limited alive samples, and preliminary explored the habitats of precious corals. However, it is necessary to establish long-term investigation of stock structure and function of precious corals to support the management objectives. The questions to be addressed in this study are: (1) to analyze the spatial and temporal pattern in catch, effort and abundance data for the fishery and explore the annual trend; (2) to analyze population structure of target species and species composition of by-catch; (3) to maintain and update the database of catch-effort data. The working groups and items are: A. Fisheries data analysis 1) To analyze spatial pattern and temporal trend of catch (by species and category) and fishing efforts from 2009 to 2012; 2) To analyze spatial pattern of target species (live colony); 3) To compare the data from logbook and landing and explore the possible causes for the difference; 4) To collect and verify the logbook data in 2013. B. Biological data analysis 1) To collect specimens and improve the identification of species of precious corals; 2) To collect morphological data and explore population size structure of target species; 3) To identify and analyze the species from by-catch and assess the ecosystem impacts by the fishing gears. The expected results are, 1) Understand the spatial and temporal patterns in effort and CPUE of Taiwanese precious coral fishery; 2) Understand the spatial distribution patterns of precious coral species; 3) Understand the morphometric variation of target species and preliminary explore population structure for precious corals; 4) Understand the impacts of sympatric coral species; 5) Maintain the database of catch-effort data of Taiwanese precious coral fishery.

Keyword(s)

漁業管理
紅珊瑚科
寶石珊瑚漁業
海洋生態系
西北太平洋
Fisheries management
Coralliidae
Precious coral fishery
Marine ecosystems
western North Pacific

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Analysis of Catch Data and Fisheries Oceanography for Precious Coral Fishery in Taiwan

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