Investigation on Assessment and Management for Major Coastal and Neritic Demersal Resources-2

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Project title

Code/計畫編號

108農科-9.2.2-子-A1

Translated Name/計畫中文名

沿近海重要底棲漁業資源調查評估與利用管理研究-2

Project Coordinator/計畫主持人

Chih-Shin Chen

Funding Organization/主管機關

Council of Agriculture,Executive Yuan

Co-Investigator(s)/共同執行人

何珈欣
吳龍靜
陳均龍
陳律祺
鄭明修
吳允暉
賴繼昌
莊世昌

Department/Unit

Fisheries Research Institute,COA,Executive Yuan

Website

https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=13228411

Year

2019

Start date/計畫起

01-01-2019

Expected Completion/計畫迄

31-12-2019

Bugetid/研究經費

10700千元

ResearchField/研究領域

漁業

一、寶石珊瑚漁業漁獲資料分析及漁場調查研究寶石珊瑚(Precious corals)為多類珊瑚物種之總稱。其骨針(碳酸鈣結晶)具相當硬度，研磨後具寶石光澤(亮度)，因此被視為海洋之珍貴寶石。地中海區之寶石珊瑚漁業始於數10世紀前，而西北太平洋區之漁業則始於20世紀初期。寶石珊瑚為固著性生物(Sessile animals)，其可提供其他生物必要之海洋生態功能(如庇護區)，因此寶石珊瑚漁業之管理措施不僅須考慮維持其資源結構之健全，亦須考慮維護其對海洋生態系功能穩定。臺灣寶石珊瑚漁業發展已有80餘年，政府在2009年1月實施「寶石珊瑚漁業管理辦法」，以維持資源族群結構及生態功能為管理目標。在資源狀態尚不清楚下，希望以嚴格之管理與稽查措施達成資源永續之目標。此外，亦規畫漁業資料收集與族群生物研究計畫，在科學探測仍有技術性困難的階段，透過漁業採樣獲得資源與生態資料。本研究自2009年開始蒐集並建立寶石珊瑚漁業之漁獲統計資料，已初步瞭解漁業作業及物種組成之時空間分布型態；完成主要寶石珊瑚物種之鑑定與形態描述，並對寶石珊瑚生態系有初步瞭解，但此資料之建立與探察仍應繼續。二、沿近海重要底棲漁業資源調查評估與利用管理研究(一)臺灣西南地區漁業資源之調查評估及生物學研究-大棘大眼鯛大棘大眼鯛(Priacanthus macracanthus)為臺灣西南海域重要經濟性魚種之一，但近年來cpue呈逐年遞減，實有必要對本漁業之近況進行調查與瞭解。本年度透過漁獲報表資料、航跡資料解析大棘大眼鯛CPUE季節變化並針對大棘大眼鯛( Priacanthus macracanthus ) 進行年齡及成長分析，利用耳石及中翼骨等硬組織進行大眼鯛年齡判定，以了解西南海域族群的年齡結構是否因承受漁撈壓力而使性成熟年齡提前。 (二)臺灣北部海域底棲漁業資源之調查評估-帶魚屬魚類(2/2) 本研究主要目的為進行臺灣北部海域重要經濟性底棲魚種基礎生物學調查。108年主要工作目標為建立北部海域帶魚屬魚種之年齡成長方程式。可進一步釐清現階段北部海域目標魚種之基礎生物學資料，進而提出漁業管理建議，使漁業資源得以永續利用。 (三)以漁撈日誌資料解析澎湖地區非市場交易之狀況-一支釣漁業沿近海漁業資源長期以來為沿岸漁民生計維持之所賴，故歷年來漁政主管機關對動力漁船漁獲之重要漁獲種群或漁業已進行許多相關研究及管理，惟目前漁政單位制定卸漁聲明尚未規範總噸位10噸以下之漁船筏，故相關漁獲資料統計將與實際狀況有所出入。緣此，本計畫擬利用委請標本戶填報漁撈日誌之方式，調查澎湖地區非市場交易之狀況及一支釣漁船之釣獲情況，藉以更進一步瞭解澎湖地區一支釣漁業實際漁獲狀況，以提供漁政主管機關藉以訂定或調整合宜之漁業政策。 (四)臺灣北部地區蟹類漁業資源之調查評估蟹類漁業資源為沿近海重要漁業之一，且近年來大受消費者歡迎並進行相關漁業管理以維持其資源永續利用。本計畫之主要目的係監測臺灣北部海域蟹類資源及產業現況，進行蟹類漁業資源量調查、重要經濟性蟹類生殖生物學、以及生產經濟評估。本年度將著重於魚貨資料與於場環境關聯性以及年間變動情形之分析。根據研究結果進而提出漁業管理的建議，期使蟹類漁業資源得以永續利用。一、 Analysis of catch data and fisheries oceanography for Taiwanese precious coral fishery Precious coral is a collective term for many species of corals. Precious corals have been harvested and used as medicines, amulets, and jewellery since ancient times. Nevertheless, precious corals, being sessile, may serve key function in marine ecosystems they involved. It is essential to consider the sustainability not only the population structure of the exploited species, but also its functions in the ecosystem when exploitation of such marine resources. The development of Taiwanese precious coral fishery (TPCF) has been for at least eight decades. The regulations for TPCF was amended and promulgated in January 2009 which aimed at sustaining population structure and ecosystem functions. Although the status of exploited stock of precious corals lack of scientific information, the objectives of sustainable population are expected to achieve by rigorous enforcement and penalty. The scientific studies of precious corals were conducted since 2009. We applied catch data to understand the spatial and temporal pattern of fishing activities and catch composition. We also described and identified Paracorallium japonicum and Corallium konojoi from limited alive samples, and preliminary explored the habitats of precious corals. However, it is necessary to establish long-term investigation of stock structure and function of precious corals to support the management objectives. 二、Investigation on Assessment and Management for Major Coastal and Neritic Demersal Resources(一)The fishery resource assessment and biological study of red bigeye (Priacanthus macracanthus) in the southwestern Taiwan The red bigeye ( Priacanthus macracanthus ) is one of the commercially important species in the water of southwestern Taiwan. Because of the CPUE of the red bigeye ( Priacanthus macracanthus ) declined significantly year by year, the status of red bigeye ( Priacanthus macracanthus ) fishery must be investigated. We analyzed seasonal CPUE changes of bigeye from the logbook and fishing tracks, and used hard organization such as otoliths and mesopterygoid to identify the age and growth of red bigeye this year. The result of this study can help us to know the age structure of the red bigeye and whether maturity appears early or not due to fishing pressures. (二)Investigation and assessment of cutlassfish Trichiurus spp. in the waters off northern Taiwan(2/2) The objectives of this project are to monitor the status of cutlassfishes resources in the northern waters off Taiwan. The age and growth of cutlassfishes fishery will be analysed. The results will provide a reasonable fishery management for sustainable utilization of cutlassfishes fishery resources. (三)Using the logbook data to investigate the condition of non-market transaction in Penghu-Angling fishery The coastal fishery resources is an important income for fishermen in Penghu. The government formulated many policies to maintain resources sustainability. But some total ton of fish vessels which under 10 tons still not specificated now, as a result, the catch statistics might be incorrected in Penghu. This project would utilize logbook data to understand the condition of non-market transaction and the catch situation of angling fishery. These results of investigation will give the suggestions for the management of fisheries in the future. (四)A survey of crab fishery resources off northern Taiwan Crab fishery resources are important resources for offshore fisheries, and also are popular seafood products for domestic consumers. Therefore sustainable uses of crab fishery resources are important tasks to maintenance the productions and values nowadays The objectives of this project are to monitor the status of crab resources in the northern waters off Taiwan, resource abundances, crab reproductive biology and production economics of crab fishery will be analysed. This year, we will focus on yearly changes of landings and the relationship between fishing harvests and environmental conditions. The results will provide a reasonable fishery management for sustainable utilization of crab fishery resources.

Keyword(s)

年齡與成長
海洋生態系
非市場交易
生殖生物學
澎湖
資源管理
耳石
西北太平洋
北部海域
一支釣
蟹籠漁業
紅珊瑚科
漁業作業特性
生產經濟
漁業管理
寶石珊瑚漁業
age and growth
Marine ecosystem
Non-Market Transaction
reproductive biology
Penghu
resource management
otolith
Western North Pacific
Northern waters
Angling
crab pot fisheries
Coralliidae
operational characteristics
production economic
Fisheries managemen

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Investigation on Assessment and Management for Major Coastal and Neritic Demersal Resources-2

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