Strategies for sustainable aquaculture development in Taiwan for the 21st century

Abstract

As of 2000, aquaculture techniques have been development in Taiwan for 147 species, including finfish, shellfish and aquatic plants. In finfish, larviculture is possible in 107 species. Previously, qauaculture was concentrsted on tradictional species. Recently, the trend has been towards the culture of high-value species. This apparent change may be attributed to the changing domestic and export markets. Factors being considered for sustainable aquaculture development include environmental issues, limited resources, persistent diseases, food safety concerns, and entry into the World Trade Organization. Comprehensive strategies, both technological and non-technological, are necessary to deal with this wide range of factors and to create socio-economically viable and environmentally friendly aquaculture. Essential technological strategies are improvement of current aquaculture techniques, adoption of super-intensive recirculating aquaculture systems, development of sea cage aquaculture, automation of production, continuation of stock enhancement and sea ranching, diversification of aquaculture species, application of biotechnologies, and utilization of deep ocean water. Non-technological strategies include implementation of effective regulation, strengthening of aquafamer organization, elevation of public awareness, enforcement of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point standards, and enhancement of international cooperation, Aquaculture has long been a tradition in Taiwan and it has contributed significantly to the country's economic growth and international status. In the 21st century, aquaculture development is directed towards the sustainability of the industry.