貨櫃碼頭前後線作業模式與船期配合之研究

Abstract

貨櫃碼頭橋式起重機與貨櫃堆積場門式機的整合作業是影響貨櫃碼頭的裝卸績效甚重要關鍵因素。本研究考慮一個直線型碼頭垂直於船席的儲區配置，探討貨櫃碼頭前線船席的裝卸績效，並且以碼頭橋式起重機、貨櫃儲區門式機，與船期的調度為影響主要變數，研擬出八個方案，透過Flexsim CT 港埠模擬系統進行模擬比較評估方案，以船席作業績效為評估指標。研究結果顯示，適當的儲區長度會影響碼頭橋式起重機停等儲區運具的時間，進而影響船席的停靠時間，岸肩運具指派為卡車，利用其速度優勢往返作業，調度區的設置能避免儲區間車流的壅塞。儲區間藉由跨載機之作業模式，其相較於膠輪式門式機的低成本及機動性，能有效提升儲區之裝卸效率。故適當的儲區長度與調度區的設置將影響碼頭後勤的作業績效。The integration of shore cranes at quayside and transtainers at storage areas significantly influences the operating performance of a container berth. This study analyzes how different operation models between the waterside and landside affects the cargo handling performance of the shore crane at a wharf with vertical storage areas. Considering various transportation vehicles at quayside, transtainers at container storage areas deployed, and ships , sailing schedule, a simulation system, Flexsim CT, is used to evaluate eight proposed operating plans. The results reveal that an appropriate length of container storage area affects travelling time of transportation vehicles at quayside and thus, berthing time of a ship at the port. The truck is adopted as the vehicle to move containers between quayside and container storage areas and their fast mobility reduces traffic jam inside storage areas. The straddle carriers are selected as the vehicle to move containers between various blocks in the storage areas due to their low cost and better mobility as compared to rubber-tired gantry crane. Hence straddle carriers can be used to improve the containers handling efficiency in the storage areas. In short, the lengths of container storage areas and appropriate layout at quayside marshalling areas both have tremendous impacts on the overall operating performance of a container terminal.