貨櫃儲區配置與作業機具指派之研究

Abstract

貨櫃碼頭不僅是海上運輸服務的大門，其整體的營運績效亦影響航商之航線規劃，對航商而言，港埠經營績效乃以貨櫃碼頭裝卸作業效率作為評估指標，而其又與碼頭後線支援有極為密切之關聯。本研究以直線型碼頭為主要研究對象，探討不同貨櫃儲區配置與後線裝卸機具種類及數量之指派對裝卸作業績效的影響。以六個方案進行比較分析，儲區配置型式、卡車行駛路徑、儲區裝卸機具種類及數量作為影響變數，而船席作業績效及橋式起重機作業績效作為兩大指標，並運用Flexsim CT 軟體，建構貨櫃碼頭模擬系統進行模擬分析。研究結果顯示儲區配置分散、適當作業機具指派與卡車行駛路徑愈短，卡車行駛於岸肩與儲區間的速度愈快，有助於降低橋式起重機等候時間，縮短船席靠港時間，並且提升貨櫃碼頭作業績效。Container terminal is the gate of marine transport service and its overall operational performance affects the route planning of ship companies. The loading and unloading operations are the evaluation indicator for the performance of container terminal, and which is in turn related to the quay's support. This study discusses the influence of block deployment and charging cranes, types and quantities on the operational performance of a linear container terminal. Six scenarios in four influential variables of block deployment, trucks, route, charging crane type and quantities in the yard, and two indicators of the operational performances of berth and gantry cranes are considered. A simulation system of container terminal is built via Flexsim CT software. The results show that dispersal block deployment, moderate equipment assignment, shorter truck driving path, and faster truck move between berth and yard would decrease gantry cranes, waiting time and ship's staying time, and promote the operational performance of container terminal.