港埠城市競爭力之探討─區域創新系統的觀點

Abstract

近年來由於對岸大型港埠興起，使北部基隆港之貨物吞吐量銳減，為改善基隆港市地區之經濟狀況並進一步建立其國際競爭之能力，本研究遂以區域創新系統之角度，探討基隆港市地區適合發展之方向與應建構之能力。因此，本研究歸納過去文獻中，對於區域創新系統所彙整之構面要素，透過各國區域創新案例統整出十二項延伸影響因素，接著經由層級分析法分析產、官、學三界專家學者之意見，企圖尋找符合基隆港市於未來提升城市競爭力時，可用以參考之策略方向。

研究發現，基隆港市地區應朝向「綜合網絡型」區域創新系統發展。在整體競爭力提升之策略中，以區域創新四大構面而言，「產業群聚」的建立與「創新財源」之資源提供最為迫切需要。而在延伸之十二項影響要素中，又以「交通運輸便捷與否」、「政府的優惠政策」與「對潛在人才的資金投入」等策略的規劃執行最為關鍵。根據結果顯示，專家學者認為提升基隆港市地區之競爭力的首要建構基礎為改善基隆地區對外交通的不便，並透過吸引關鍵廠商之進駐形成產業聚集。其二乃藉由政府所提供之獎勵辦法與建全的資金運用體系，招募外地優秀人才的加入與在地人才的挽留，使具潛力之創業家欲在此生根發展。藉由各項優惠條件與完備的輔助支援體系，不斷地吸引外部廠商與優秀人力的注入，遂成功發展基隆港市地區獨特的創新氛圍。

最後，由於「區域創新系統」之研究在國內尚屬起步階段，且多以科技產業為發展核心之區域為探討對象，故由過去文獻所歸納之四大構面可能較無法完全呈現基隆港市區域未來發展之影響因素，因此有待後續研究繼續深入探討之。

In the recent years, because of the mega ports in China have been emerged, the cargo capacity of Keelung port has been decreased. In order to improve the economic situation in Keelung area, and construct its International competitiveness, we base on the viewpoint of Regional Innovation System (RIS), and try to discover the development and abilities which are adapted for Keelung area. Therefore, we generalize 4 dimensions of RIS from the past research, and integrate 12 effect factors from the regional innovation case studying in several countries. The next step, by using The Analytic Hierarchy Process Method (AHP), we try to find out the development strategies for Keelung area to strengthen its city competitiveness.

As the result shows, we suggest Keelung port city to develop as a “synthetic-networked” RIS. About the strategies of improving the competitiveness, in the viewpoint of 4 dimensions in RIS, the construction of “Industrial Cluster” and the resource support of “Finance of Innovation” are the most important strategic direction. On the other hand, in the measurement of the 12 effect factors, the most in need strategic planning are “transportation convenience”, “preferential policy from government”, and “investment in potential talent”.

Finally, due to the studies of RIS in Taiwan is still in the initial stage, and most of them chose regions with technology industry as research object. Therefore, the 4 dimensions from the past research might not be able to completely present the effect factors of future development direction in Keelung port city. Hence, we expect the future studies continue to working in this part.