Folic acid-enhanced magnetic mesoporous bioactive glass against infections in targeted tumor therapy with tetracycline precision loading

Abstract

Cancer remains one of the most serious diseases worldwide, capable of affecting any organ or tissue, including bones. Current treatment for bone cancer typically involves surgical removal of the cancerous tissue from the bones, with the resulting cavity filled using bone substitute materials. However, surgery can only remove most of the cancerous tissue, necessitating continued treatment and post-operative follow-up. Additionally, there is a risk of bacterial infection during the surgical procedure. Even if the surgery is successful, bacterial infection during or after the operation can still occur, making infection prevention a crucial aspect of the procedure. This research is primarily divided into four parts. Firstly, iron nanoparticles are coated onto mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) to impart the material with characteristics suitable for magnetothermal therapy, chemodynamic therapy, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The second part involves the modification of thiol groups (-SH) and the anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT) to enable controlled drug release for cancer cell eradication. In the third part, folic acid (FA) is introduced to the material's surface for cancer cell targeting. Finally, tetracycline (TC) is loaded into the material's cavities, providing continuous release in the affected area after surgery to prevent bacterial infections.