號誌化四岔路口闖紅燈機車事故之人為失誤因子分析

Abstract

A certain number of traffic accidents may be avoided if drivers had the ability to identify potential hazards on roads; that is, enhancing the ability of driver awareness is expected to reduce traffic accidents. Prior studies have shown that education materials with pictures and video are helpful to increase drivers' ability of risk awareness. This study proposes a framework to identify various potential causes of red-light running traffic accidents in motorcycle accident videos; particularly, this study focuses on how drivers perceive, comprehend, and project potential hazards on roads as well as how they make a decision and respond to the situation. Focus groups and questionnaire surveys are then followed to rank the identified risk factors and determine key topics to educate motorcyclists. The results could be applied as a basis to the development of motorcyclists' risk awareness test and education materials.每件交通事故發生前都可能會有迴避的機會，駕駛人若能辨識及掌握這些關鍵時間點發生的關鍵狀況與失誤原因，當可降低事故發生的機率。相關研究發現，利用圖片、影片設計成訓練教材，能有效提升學習者的風險感知能力，及時發現道路上的潛在危險。本研究以機車事故影像案例為基礎，透過人為失誤因子分析方法，針對闖紅燈事故發生的用路人感知、意會、預測、操作和決策過程，演繹事故發生的各種可能原因；同時利用焦點團體討論和問卷調查分析選擇重要事故失誤因子，以決定機車風險感知測試和學習訓練的重點內容。本研究發現之機車騎士的重要風險感知教育訓練內容，可作為後續建立機車騎士風險感知測試系統和駕駛教育訓練課程之參考。