Chapter 13 - Chemistry and Biology of Salicyl-Capped Siderophores

Abstract

More than 500 siderophores have been discovered from microorganisms and plants. Siderophores are divided into catecholates, hydroxamates, and carboxylates based on different functional moieties. Their chemical diversity often renders a variety of biological functions beyond capture iron. Therefore, they could provide an insight of host–pathogen interactions, plant physiology, disease pathogenesis, and even inspiring drug development. For example, pyochelin, one of salicyl-capped siderophores biosynthesized from salicylic acid and nonribosomal peptide synthesis pathway, produced either by pathogenic Pseudomonas strains as virulence factor, or by plant growth promoting bacteria to induce plant systemic resistance. Herein this review briefly summarizes the origins, chemistry, biology, and applications of salicyl-capped siderophores.