Identification of cyprinol and cyprinol sulfate from grass carp bile and their toxic effects in rats

Abstract

To elucidate the responsible toxic components of grass carp bile, the bile salt 5α-cyprinol sulfate and its desalted form 5α-cyprinol from grass carp bile were purified and identified by analyses of infrared spectrum, 1H-, 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and mass spectrum. The toxicity of grass carp bile powder, butanol extract of grass carp bile powder, 5α-cyprinol and 5α-cyprinol sulfate in rats were further determined. The kidney and liver functions were significantly affected by grass carp bile powder, butanol extract and 5α-cyprinol sulfate. However, 5α-cyprinol also significantly affected the kidney function, but the toxic effect was less.